Unit 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Sternocleidomastoid Action
A
Ipsilateral side bending of head with rotation to opposite side, bilateral neck flexion, posterior fibers assist with bilateral extension at O-A joint
2
Q
Sternocleidomastoid Origin
A
Mastoid process of temporal bone; lateral half of superior nuchal line
3
Q
Sternocleidomastoid insertion
A
Sternal head: Anterior surface
Manubrium of sternum
Clavicular head: Superior surface of medial 1/3 clavicle
4
Q
Sternocleidomastoid innervation
A
CN XI (motor), ventral rami C2,C3 (sensory)
5
Q
Levator Scapulae action
A
Elevates scapula; downward rotation of scapula
6
Q
Levator scapulae origin
A
Posterior tubercle of transverse processes, CV1-CV4
7
Q
Levator scapulae insertion
A
Superior aspect of medial border of scapula
8
Q
Levator scapulae innervation
A
Dorsal Scapular nerve C4,C5; C3-C4 ventral rami
9
Q
Upper trapezius action
A
Upwardly rotate with lower trapezius, elevate working alone & retract scapula
10
Q
Upper trapezius origin
A
Medial 1/3 superior nuchal line; Occipital protuberance to CV7, ligamentum nuchae
11
Q
Upper trapezius insertion
A
Lateral 1/3 clavicle
12
Q
Upper trapezius innervation
A
CN XI (motor); Ventral rami C3-4 (sensory)
13
Q
Middle trapezius action
A
Retract scapula
14
Q
Middle trapezius origin
A
CV7 to TV4 spinous process
15
Q
Middle trapezius insertion
A
Acromion & crest of spine of scapula
16
Q
Middle trapezius innervation
A
CN XI (motor); Ventral rami C3-4 (sensory)
17
Q
Lower trapezius action
A
Upwardly rotate with upper trapezius, depress working alone; retract scapula
18
Q
Lower trapezius origin
A
TV4 to TV12 spinous process
19
Q
Lower trapezius insertion
A
Spine of scapula
20
Q
Lower trapezius innervation
A
CN XI (motor); Ventral rami C3-4 (sensory)
21
Q
Serratus anterior action
A
Protract scapula & holds it against thoracic wall; upward rotation of scapula
22
Q
Serratus anterior origin
A
External lateral surface of ribs 1-8
23
Q
Serratus anterior insertion
A
Anterior surface of medial border of scapula
24
Q
Serratus anterior innervation
A
Long thoracic nerve C5, C6, C7
25
Pectoralis major action
Adduction and Internal Rotation humerus
Clavicular head alone: flexes humerus
SC head alone: extends humerus from overhead position; horizontal adduction at glenohumeral joint
26
Pectoralis major clavicular head origin
Anterior surface of medial 1/2 of clavicle
27
Pectoralis major sternocostal head origin
Anterior surface of sternum, upper 6 costal cartilages, & aponeurosis of external oblique muscles
28
Pectoralis major insertion
Lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
29
Pectoralis major innervation
Lateral and Medial Pectoral nerve
Clavicular: C5-C6
SC: C7, C8-T1
30
Pectoralis minor action
Stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall
31
Pectoralis minor origin
3rd to 5th ribs near costal cartilages
32
Pectoralis minor insertion
Medial border & superior surface of coracoid process of scapula
33
Pectoralis minor innervation
Medial (C8, T1)
Lateral pectoral nerve (variable)
34
Anterior deltoid action
Abduction, flexion, internal rotation of humerus
35
Anterior deltoid origin
Lateral 1/3 of the clavicle, anterior surface
36
Anterior deltoid insertion
Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
37
Anterior deltoid innervation
Axillary nerve, C5, C6
38
Middle deltoid action
Abduction humerus
39
Middle deltoid origin
Lateral aspect of acromion
40
Middle deltoid insertion
Deltoid tuberosity
41
Middle deltoid innervation
Axillary nerve, C5, C6
42
Posterior deltoid action
Extension, External Rotation, Abduction of humerus
43
Posterior deltoid origin
Inferior lip of crest of spine of scapula
44
Posterior deltoid insertion
Deltoid tuberosity
45
Posterior deltoid innervation
Axillary nerve, C5, C6
46
Supraspinatus action
Initiates & assists deltoid in abduction of humerus; holds head in glenoid cavity (rotator cuff)
47
Supraspinatus origin
Supraspinous fossa (medial 2/3) of scapula
48
Supraspinatus insertion
Superior facet on greater tubercle of humerus
49
Supraspinatus innervation
Suprascapular nerve C4, C5, C6
50
Infraspinatus action
External rotation humerus; hold humeral head in glenoid (rotator cuff)
51
Infraspinatus origin
Infraspinous fossa of scapula
52
Infraspinatus insertion
Middle facet greater tubercle of humerus
53
Infraspinatus innervation
Suprascapular nerve, C5, C6
54
Teres minor action
External rotation humerus; hold humeral head in gelnoid (rotator cuff)
55
Teres minor origin
Middle part of lateral border of scapula
56
Teres minor insertion
Inferior facet on greater tubercle of humerus
57
Teres minor innervation
Axillary nerve C5, C6
58
Subscapularis action
Internal rotation & adduction of humerus; hold head of humerus in place (rotator cuff)
59
Subscapularis origin
Subscapular fossa
60
Subscapularis insertion
Lesser tubercle of humerus
61
Subscapularis innervation
Upper & Lower subscapular nerve C5, C6, C7
62
Teres major action
Extension, adduction, Internal Rotation humerus
63
Teres major origin
Dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula
64
Teres major insertion
Medial lip of inter tubercular sulcus/groove
65
Teres major innervation
Lower subscapular nerve, C5, C6
66
Rhomboids major action
Retract scapula; elevate scapula; downward rotation scapula; fix scapula against thoracic wall
67
Rhomboids major origin
Spinous processes TV2-TV5
68
Rhomboids major insertion
Medial border of scapula from spine to inferior angle
69
Rhomboids major innervation
Dorsal scapular nerve, C4-C5
70
Rhomboids minor action
Retract scapula; elevate scapula; downward rotation scapula; fix scapula against thoracic wall
71
Rhomboids minor origin
Nuchal ligament & spinous processes of CV7 & TV1
72
Rhomboids minor insertion
Medial border of scapula at the level of the spine
73
Rhomboids minor innervation
Dorsal scapular nerve, C4, C5
74
Latissimus dorsi action
Extension, adduction, internal rotation humerus
75
Latissimus dorsi origin
Thoracolumbar fascia, spinous processes TV6-TV12, inferior 3 or 4 ribs, iliac crest
76
Latissimus dorsi insertion
Floor of inter tubercular groove of humerus
77
Latissimus dorsi innervation
Thoracodorsal nerve, C6, C7, C8
78
Coracobrachialis action
Flexion with adduction of humerus
79
Coracobrachialis origin
Tip or apex of coracoid process of scapula
80
Coracobrachialis insertion
Middle 1/3, medial humerus
81
Coracobrachialis innervation
Musculocutaneous nerve, C5, C6, C7
82
Biceps brachii action
Long-weak shoulder flexion; weak abduction of humerus, external rotation
Both heads: elbow flexion with forearm supination
83
Biceps brachii short head origin
Coracoid process of scapula
84
Biceps brachii long head origin
Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
85
Biceps brachii insertion
Radial tuberosity & fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
86
Biceps brachii innervation
Musculocutaneous nerve, C5, C6, C7
87
Brachialis action
Elbow flexion regardless of position
88
Brachialis origin
Distal half humerus, anterior surface
89
Brachialis insertion
Ulnar tuberosity & anterior aspect coronoid process of ulna
90
Brachialis innervation
Musculocutaneous nerve C5, C6
91
Brachioradialis action
Elbow flexion (midpronation most effective)
92
Brachioradialis origin
Proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
93
Brachioradialis insertion
Lateral surface of distal ned of radius
94
Brachioradialis innervation
Radial nerve, C5, C6, C7
95
Triceps action
All heads: elbow extension
Long head: resists dislocation of humerus
96
Triceps long head origin
Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
97
Triceps lateral head origin
Posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove
98
Triceps medial head origin
Posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove
99
Triceps insertion
Proximal end of olecranon process of the ulna & fascia of the forearm
100
Triceps innervation
Radial nerve, C6, C7, C8
101
Anconeus action
Assists in elbow extension
102
Anconeus origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
103
Anconeus insertion
Olecranon process of ulna
104
Anconeus innervation
Radial nerve, C7, C8, T1
105
Pronator teres action
Pronates forearm; flexes elbow
106
Pronator teres origin
Humeral head: medial epicondyle of the humerus
Ulnar head: coronoid process of the ulna
107
Pronator teres insertion
Middle of lateral surface of radius
108
Pronator teres innervation
Median nerve, C6, C7
109
Pronator quadratus action
Pronates forearm
110
Pronator quadratus origin
Distal 1/4 of anterior surface of ulna
111
Pronator quadratus insertion
Distal 1/4 anterior surface of radius
112
Pronator quadratus innervation
Anterior interosseous nerve (from median nerve), C8-T1
113
Supinator action
Supinates forearm
114
Supinator origin
Lateral epicondyle humerus, radial collateral & annular ligaments, supinator fossa & crest of ulna
115
Supinator insertion
Proximal radius, anterior, lateral, posterior surfaces
116
Supinator innervation
Deep branch radial nerve, C7, C8
117
Extensor carpi radialis longus action
Extension & abduction hand at wrist joint
118
Extensor carpi radialis longus origin
Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
119
Extensor carpi radialis longus insertion
Dorsal base of 2nd metacarpal bone
120
Extensor carpi radialis longus innervation
Radial nerve, C6, C7
121
Extensor carpi radial brevis action
Extension & abduction hand at wrist joint
122
Extensor carpi radial brevis origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
123
Extensor carpi radial brevis insertion
Dorsal base of 3rd metacarpal
124
Extensor carpi radial brevis innervation
Deep branch of radial nerve, C7, C8
125
Extensor digitorum action
Extension of medial 4 digits at MCP joint: assist with IP extension; extend hand at wrist joint
126
Extensor digitorum origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus common extensor tendon
127
Extensor digitorum insertion
Base of middle phalanges of fingers of medial 4 digits via extensor expansion
128
Extensor digitorum innervation
Posterior interosseous nerve, C7-C8 (continuation of the deep branch of radial nerve)
129
Extensor Digiti Minimi action
Extend 5th digit at MCP & IP joints
130
Extensor Digiti Minimi origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
131
Extensor Digiti Minimi insertion
Extensor expansion of 5th digit
132
Extensor Digiti Minimi innervation
Posterior interosseous nerve, C7-C8 (continuation of the deep branch of radial nerve)
133
Extensor carpi ulnaris action
Extension & adduct hand at wrist
134
Extensor carpi ulnaris origin
Lateral epicondyle humerus & posterior border of ulna
135
Extensor carpi ulnaris insertion
Base of 5th metacarpal
136
Extensor carpi ulnaris innervation
Posterior interosseous nerve, C7-C8 (continuation of the deep branch of radial nerve)
137
Abductor Pollicis Longus action
Abduct thumb & extends it at CMC joint
138
Abductor Pollicis Longus origin
Posterior surface of proximal halves of ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane
139
Abductor Pollicis Longus insertion
Base of 1st metacarpal
140
Abductor Pollicis Longus innervation
Posterior interosseous nerve, C7-C8 (continuation of the deep branch of radial nerve)
141
Extensor Pollicis Brevis action
Extend proximal phalanx of thumb at MCP; extend at CMC
142
Extensor Pollicis Brevis origin
Posterior surface of radius & interosseous membrane
143
Extensor Pollicis Brevis insertion
Dorsal aspect base of proximal phalanx of thumb
144
Extensor Pollicis Brevis innervation
Posterior interosseous nerve C7-C8 (continuation of the deep branch of radial nerve)
145
Extensor Pollicis Longus action
Extend distal phalanx of thumb at IP; extend MCP & CMC joints
146
Extensor Pollicis Longus origin
Posterior surface of middle 1/3 of ulna & interosseous membrane
147
Extensor Pollicis Longus insertion
Base of distal phalanx of thumb
148
Extensor Pollicis Longus innervation
Posterior interosseous nerve C7-C8 (continuation of the deep branch of radial nerve)
149
Extensor indicis action
Extend 2nd digit; assists with wrist extension
150
Extensor indicis origin
Posterior surface of distal 1/3 of ulna & interosseous membrane
151
Extensor indicis insertion
Extensor expansion of 2nd digit
152
Extensor indicis innervation
Posterior interosseous nerve C7-C8 (continuation of the deep branch of radial nerve)
153
Flexor carpi radialis action
Flexes and abducts hand at the wrist
154
Flexor carpi radialis origin
Medial epicondyle of the humerus from the common flexor origin
155
Flexor carpi radialis insertion
Base of 2nd metacarpal
156
Flexor carpi radialis innervation
Median nerve, C6-C7
157
Flexor carpi ulnaris action
Flexes & adducts hand at the wrist
158
Flexor carpi ulnaris origin
Humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus
Ulnar head: olecranon & posterior border of ulna
159
Flexor carpi ulnaris insertion
Pisiform, hook of hamate, and base of 5th metacarpal
160
Flexor carpi ulnaris innervation
Ulnar nerve, C7-C8
161
Palmaris Longus action
Assist wrist flexion; tense palmar aponeurosis
162
Palmaris Longus origin
Medial epicondyle from the common flexor region
163
Palmaris Longus insertion
Distal 1/2 of the flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
164
Palmaris Longus Innervation
Median Nerve, C7-C8
165
Flexor digitorum superficialis action
Flexes PIP joints of medial four digits; flexes MCP joints; assists wrist flexion
166
Flexor digitorum superficialis origin
Humeroulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus, ulnar collateral ligament, coronoid process of ulna
Radial head: superior 1/2 of anterior border of radius
167
Flexor digitorum profundus insertion
Bases of distal phalanges of medial 4 digits
168
Flexor digitorum superficialis insertion
Bodies of middle phalanges of medial 4 digits
169
Flexor digitorum superficialis innervation
Median nerve, C7-T1
170
Flexor digitorum profundus action
DIP flexion of medial four digits; flexes PIP & MCP; assist wrist flexion
171
Flexor digitorum profundus origin
Proximal 3/4 of medial & anterior surface of ulna & interosseous membrane
172
Flexor digitorum profundus innervation
Anterior interosseous nerve (from median nerve), C8-T1 to lateral 2 FDP
Ulnar nerve, C8-T1 to medial 2 FDP
173
Flexor Pollicis Longus action
Flexes IP, MCP, CMC of thumb
174
Flexor Pollicis Longus origin
Anterior surface of radius & adjacent interosseous membrane
175
Flexor Pollicis Longus insertion
Base of distal phalanx thumb
176
Flexor Pollicis Longus innervation
Anterior interosseous nerve (from median nerve) C8-T1
177
Abductor Pollicis Brevis action
Abduct thumb; assist thumb opposition
178
Abductor Pollicis Brevis origin
Flexor retinaculum & tubercles of scaphoid & trapezium
179
Abductor Pollicis Brevis insertion
Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb & extensor expansion
180
Abductor Pollicis Brevis innervation
Recurrent branch median nerve (C8, T1)
181
Flexor Pollicis Brevis action (2 heads)
Flex thumb
182
Flexor Pollicis Brevis origin
Flexor retinaculum & tubercles of scaphoid & trapezium
183
Flexor Pollicis Brevis insertion
Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
184
Flexor Pollicis Brevis innervation
Superficial head: Recurrent branch of Median nerve (C8, T1)
Deep head: Deep branch of Ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
185
Opponens Pollicis action
Oppose thumb
186
Opponens Pollicis origin
Flexor retinaculum & tubercles of scaphoid & trapezium
187
Opponens Pollicis insertion
LAteral aspect 1st MC
188
Opponens Pollicis innervation
Recurrent branch Median nerve (C8, T1)
189
Adductor Pollicis (2 heads) action
Adducts thumb
190
Adductor Pollicis (2 heads) origin
Oblique: base of 2nd & 3rd MC, capitate, and adjacent carpals
Transverse: anterior surface of shaft of 3rd MC
191
Adductor Pollicis insertion
Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
192
Adductor Pollicis innervation
Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
193
Adductor Pollicis Innervation
Deep branch Ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
194
Abductor digiti minimi action
Abduct 5th digit; assist flexion of 5th proximal phalanx
195
Abductor digiti minimi origin
Pisiform
196
Abductor digiti minimi insertion
Medial side base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
197
Abductor digiti minimi innervation
Deep branch Ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
198
Flexor digiti minimi (brevis) action
Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit
199
Flexor digiti minimi (brevis) origin
Hook of the hamate & flexor retinaculum
200
Flexor digiti minimi (brevis) insertion
Medial side base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
201
Flexor digiti minimi (brevis) innervation
Deep branch Ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
202
Opponens Digiti (minimi) action
Draws 5th MC anteriorly to oppose the thumb
203
Opponens Digiti (minimi) origin
Hook of the hamate & flexor retinaculum
204
Opponens Digiti (minimi) insertion
Medial border of 5th MC
205
Opponens Digiti (minimi) innervation
Deep branch Ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
206
Lumbricals 1&2 action
Flex MC joints and extend IP joints
207
Lumbricals 1&2 origin
Lateral 2 tendons of FDP
208
Lumbricals 1&2 insertion
Lateral sides of extensor expansion of digits 2-5
209
Lumbricals 1&2 innervation
Median nerve (C8,T1)
210
Lumbricals 3&4 action
Flex MC joints and extend IP joints
211
Lumbricals 3&4 origin
Bipennate from medial 3 tendons of FDP
212
Lumbricals 3&4 insertion
Lateral sides of extensor expansion of digits 2-5
213
Lumbricals 3&4 innervation
Deep branch of Ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
214
Palmar interossei action
Adduct 2nd, 4th, and 5th digit toward midline; assist with MCP flexion and IP extension
215
Palmar interossei origin
Palmar surfaces of 2nd, 4th, and 5th MC
216
Palmar interossei insertion
Base of proximal phalanges & extend expansion of 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits
217
Palmar interossei innervation
Deep branch of Ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
218
Dorsal interossei action
Abduct digits 2-4 away from midline; assist with MCP flexion and IP extension
219
Dorsal interossei origin
Bipennate adjacent sides of metacarpals
220
Dorsal interossei insertion
Base of proximal phalanges & extend expansions of 2nd, 3rd (bilaterally), & 4th digits
221
Dorsal interossei innervation
Deep branch of Ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
