Unit 1

Question 1

Left Wing supports?

Answer 1

Supports new change to improve welfare, government should play a positive role, laws should exist to ensure equal treatment.

Question 2

Centre supports?

Answer 2

Tradition is valued but progress is necessary if desired, government should enact peaceful legal change, law and order is important to encourage equality and protect individual rights.

Question 3

Right Wing supports?

Answer 3

Tradition is highly valued and change is treated with caution, government should play a small role in society, law and order is important to protect traditional institutions and individual rights.

Question 4

Left Wing political, economic, and social values?

Answer 4

Collectivism, collect interest, collective responsibility, public property, economic equality, cooperation, adhere to collective norms.

Question 5

Right Wing political, economic, and social values?

Answer 5

Individualism: rule of law, individual rights and freedoms, economic freedom, self-interest, competition, private property.

Question 6

Communism

Answer 6

Rejection of liberalism — economic and political equality but no choice.

Question 7

Racism and Classic Conservatism

Answer 7

Rejection of liberalism — freedom for some but not all.

Question 8

Thomas Hobbes believed humans to be?

Answer 8

Inherently selfish

Question 9

Thomas Hobbes believed individuals . . . ?

Answer 9

Were dangerous and that selfishness would result in chaos and harm to everyone.

Question 10

Thomas Hobbes believed people should give up . . . ?

Answer 10

Their sovereignty and hand over power to a ruler, what he called a leviathan.

Question 11

Thomas Hobbes believed the ideology of Classical Liberalism is . . . ?

Answer 11

The belief in the individual, that individuals well-being is as important as the groups.

Question 12

Thomas Hobbes valued?

Answer 12

Economic freedom, self-interest, competition, and private property.

Question 13

John Locke believed all individuals were . . . ?

Answer 13

Created equally in the eyes of the creator and therefore reserves the right to ownership of all individuals.

Question 14

John Lock opposed . . . ?

Answer 14

The authoritarianism of the church and state.

Question 15

John Locke believed individuals has the right to . . . ?

Answer 15

Use their own reason and logic to make their own decisions.

Question 16

John Locke believed the government . . . ?

Answer 16

Should be directly accountable to the people.

Question 17

John Locke believed people should give up. . . ?

Answer 17

Some of their natural rights to the government to receive social order and security for themselves and their property.

Question 18

John Locke placed emphasis on . . .?

Answer 18

The ownership of private property, or the right of individuals to protect and keep what they own.

Question 19

John Locked believed people natural rights included?

Answer 19

Life, liberty, and property.

Question 20

Jean-Jacques Rousseau wanted a . . . ?

Answer 20

Small city-state democracy like his native Geneva.

Question 21

Jean-Jacques Rousseau didn’t . . . ?

Answer 21

Work, and relieved on the generosity of others.

Question 22

Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a . . . ?

Answer 22

Influential voice of the French enlightenment.

Question 23

Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed people are naturally . . . ?

Answer 23

Good but have been corrupted by society.

Question 24

Jean-Jacques Rousseau believes all are . . . ?

Answer 24

Naturally free and equal.

Question 25

Jean-Jacques Rousseau believes the ownership of private property leads to?

Answer 25

Jealously and crime.

Question 26

Jean-Jacques Rousseau believes all religions are?

Answer 26

Equal.

Question 27

Jean-Jacques Rousseau believes there no such thing as?

Answer 27

“Original sin”.

Question 28

Jean-Jacques Rousseau believes the fruit of the Earth belong to . . . ?

Answer 28

All.

Question 29

Baron de Montesquieu believes the government should . . . ?

Answer 29

Be divided into three forms.

Question 30

What are the three forms of government Baron de Montesquieu believed the government should be divided into?

Answer 30

Executive, Legislative, and Judicial.

Question 31

Baron de Montesquieu recommend the end of?

Answer 31

Slavery.

Question 32

Baron de Montesquieu advocated the end of?

Answer 32

The class system in France, and the classification of the systems of the government.

Question 33

Baron de Montesquieu believed each citizen . . . ?

Answer 33

Needs to participate in and be aware of the laws and the workings of the government.

Question 34

Adam Smith wrote what book? What did that book become the corner stone of?

Answer 34

The Wealth of Nations, considered to be the cornerstone of capitalism.

Question 35

Adam Smith supported a?

Answer 35

Free market system.

Question 36

Adam Smith believed that people?

Answer 36

Naturally think of their own self-interest, but that we also have the capacity to understand and be concerned about other people.

Question 37

Adam Smith believed society?

Answer 37

Corrupted people.

Question 38

Adam Smith wanted the . . . ? To be authority.

Answer 38

General will of the people.

Question 39

Adam Smith developed?

Answer 39

Laissez-faire economics as a economic philosophy.

Question 40

John Staut Mill believed?

Answer 40

That the only limitations that should be placed on an individual are those to protect the liberty of others.

Question 41

Laissez-faire means?

Answer 41

Leave (people) alone to do (as they wish).

Question 42

Physiocratic notion of laissez-faire reflect the beliefs that . . . ?

Answer 42

Individuals need to be given freedom to make their own decisions and that individuals selfishness and competitiveness will inadvertently improve their own society.

Question 43

How did classical liberal thought evolve into the principle of liberalism?

Answer 43

Classic liberalism developed from the thinking of individual such as John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu, Adam Smith, and John Staut Mill, who were concerned with protecting the rights and freedoms of citizens.