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English 4 > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

english has evolved for ____ years

A

1500

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2
Q

what groups invaded a small island off the coast of Europe?

A

angels, jutes, saxons

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3
Q

the angels called their lands….

A

land of the angels, angle-land, england

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4
Q

how many modern words come from old English

A

4,500

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5
Q

what language is beowulf written and when

A

old english, around year 700

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6
Q

____ invaded England and influenced words in English

A

Vikings

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7
Q

last invasion of England occurred in _____ by ____. it also left a mark

A

1066, normans

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8
Q

middle english was spoken for another _____, until the 1600s

A

few hundred years

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9
Q

by the ____ the English language is like it is now

A

1600

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10
Q

old English years

A

450-1066

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11
Q

middle English years

A

1066-1450

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12
Q

modern English years

A

Shakespearean time

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13
Q

a form of English which was spoken thousands of years ago.

A

old English/ anglo-Saxon

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14
Q

a language which was previously spoken in Asia minor or southeast Europe. It is known as an ancestor to many languages from Europe, India, and Iran.

A

Proto-Indo-European

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15
Q

four major english periods

A

pre-English, old English, middle English, modern English

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16
Q

When and where was Proto-Indo-European spoken?

A

in Asia minor and south east Europe, five thousand years ago

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17
Q

words that one language borrows from another

A

loanwords

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18
Q

fierce and independent people who inhabited the northern part Britain. these people would often invade neighboring tribes

A

picts

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19
Q

angels, saxons, and jutes contributed to ______

A

germanic

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20
Q

The emperor hired the __________ to keep the _____ away because they were often known for raiding other groups.

A

angles and Saxons, picts

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21
Q

An angular-looking alphabet used by Anglo-Saxons

A

runes

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22
Q

The rounded form of letters which Irish monks taught Anglo-Saxons

A

insular hand

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23
Q

Letters previously used by Anglo Saxons which are currently lost because it was replaced by the “th”

A

thorn

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24
Q

After they had been converted to Christianity, the English borrowed words from what language?

A

latin

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25
Q

What other people invaded England in the 9th and 11th centuries, thus influencing the language as well?

A

vikings

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26
Q

In 1066 the Normans conquered England. They introduced many __________ words into the English language.

A

french

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27
Q

during middle English, which language was used only by the common people for everyday matters?

A

english

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28
Q

during middle English, Which languages were used in government, education, religion, law, and literature?

A

french and latin

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29
Q

what happened in 1455

A

the bible was printed in latin

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30
Q

the first man to print an English book on a printing press in Belgium

A

William Caxton

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31
Q

the language created by early American settlers such as colonists.

A

american english

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32
Q

How did the Industrial Revolution contribute to the spread of English?

A

It caused success and made the English language spread faster because of the efficient measures of manufacturing and abundant goods.

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33
Q

examples of words American settlers made

A

racoon, turkey, creek, fowl

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34
Q

three kinds of english users

A

English as their native language(Ireland), English as secondary(Indians), English in certain circumstances (Norwegian pilot landing)

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35
Q

amount of people who speak english

A

five hundred million

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36
Q

major national english varieties

A

american english and british english

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37
Q

strongest differences in varieties of english is in….

A

slang and informal language

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38
Q

Language variations which indicate certain things about us and help identify our identity, age, gender, city of residence, region

A

dialect

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39
Q

main types of dialects

A

regional dialect and ethnic dialect

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40
Q

four main dialect regions in eastern US

A

northern, north midland, south midland, southern

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41
Q

most prominent ethnic dialect

A

African America dialect

42
Q

second most prominent ethnic dialect

A

Hispanic English

43
Q

three subvarieties of dialect

A

Mexican-influenced English in the southwest, Cuban influenced English in Florida, Puerto Rico influenced English in NYC and PR

44
Q

The most useful and widely used variety of English by people of all backgrounds

A

standard english

45
Q

Language which is inappropriate in situations where standard English is expected

A

nonstandard english

46
Q

one of the earliest forms of literature

A

epic

47
Q

a long narrative poem that recounts the adventures of a legendary hero in pursuit of a goal of national importance

A

epic

48
Q

the central character of an epic, a larger-than-life figure, typically of noble birth, who pits his courage, skill, and virtue against apposing often evil forces

A

epic hero

49
Q

a long, dangerous journey or mission undertaken by the epic hero, the quest is the Hero’s opportunity to prove his heroism and win honor and undying renown

A

quest

50
Q

these actions demonstrate the hero’s courage, strength, or virtue and makeup most of the action in the narrative

A

valorous deeds

51
Q

in many epics, the hero receives help from a god or another supernatural force who takes an interest in his quest

A

divine intervention

52
Q

important events from history or mythology of a nation or culture often provide the backdrop for the epic narrative

A

great events

53
Q

in ancient times, stories about heroes were recited or sung as entertainment and passed down orally from one generation. These stories were actually written down long after they were composed, Example: Beowulf

A

folk epics

54
Q

written by individual authors drawing on the style and convections of the folk epic, example: Iliad, the Odessey, paradise lost

A

literary epics

55
Q

two ways primitive people communicated

A

sign language, gestures

56
Q

when did language begin

A

250,000 years ago

57
Q

two basic sounds

A

blowing air out of the mouth(w), humming(m)

58
Q

sounds in a decent language

A

22

59
Q

sounds in Hawaiian language

A

12

60
Q

where did primitives get their sound from

A

they imitated sounds from nature

61
Q

what are the three distinct vowel sounds

A

O, U, E

62
Q

man who never spoke English who has the most to do with the development of the English language

A

Julius Ceasar

63
Q

What language did the Romans make all conquered people speak? What five languages did these become?

A

Latin. The languages then became Italian, french, Romanian, Spanish, and Portuguese

64
Q

out of 100 common words how many are anglo-saxon

A

100/100

65
Q

out of 200 common words how many are anglo saxon

A

183/200

66
Q

what year was English accidentally invented

A

1066

67
Q

where is William the conqueror from

A

france

68
Q

words in Russian language

A

150,000

69
Q

words in french language

A

180,000

70
Q

words in Chinese language

A

281,000

71
Q

words in English language

A

617,525

72
Q

greatest Middle English writer

A

Geoffrey Chaucer

73
Q

admonish

A

advise; caution

74
Q

sentinel

A

person or animal that guards

75
Q

mead

A

liquor made from fermented honey and water

76
Q

fervent

A

having or showing great warmth of feeling

77
Q

rancor

A

ill will

78
Q

compassionate

A

sympathizing; pitying

79
Q

grievous

A

causing sorrow, hard to bear

80
Q

winsomeness

A

charm; delightfulness

81
Q

fettered

A

chained; restrained

82
Q

hapless

A

unlucky

83
Q

wassail

A

a toast in drinking a persons health

84
Q

liege

A

lord; sovereign

85
Q

rapture

A

joy; great pleasure

86
Q

fain

A

eager

87
Q

bide

A

wait

88
Q

rime-covered

A

covered with frost

89
Q

byrny-clad

A

dressed in a coat of chain-mail armor

90
Q

redress

A

compensation for a wrong

91
Q

reparation

A

something making up for a wrong or an injury

92
Q

solace

A

comfort; relief

93
Q

purge

A

purify; cleanse

94
Q

linden

A

very sturdy type of wood

95
Q

writhing

A

making twists or turning motions

96
Q

massive

A

big and solid; bulky

97
Q

loathsome

A

disgusting

98
Q

traveling minstrels that captivated audiences with long narrative poems

A

scops

99
Q

a compound expression in Old English and Old Norse poetry with metaphorical meaning, ex. oar-steed = ship.

A

kenning

100
Q

caesura

A

a break between words within a metrical foot

English 4 (1 decks)

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