Unit 1 Flashcards
Empirical Approach uses
curiosity, skepticism, humility
pseudo-psychology
psychology not based in science
psych vs psychiatry
psychiatry is medical. they TREAT condidtions
trephination
cutting holes in skulls to let evil spirits out
Rene Descartes
Argued human sensations came from activity in the nervous system
When was psychology officially a science
mid 1800’s
Structuralism
basing psych on the structures of the mind. relies on introspection
Wilhelm Wundt
First to declare himself a psychologist
“father of psych”
Merged philosophy and psychology
created first formal lab
1st to publish psych research
Structuralist
Psych date of birth
1879
Stanley Hall
Studied under Wundt
1st research lab
1st American journal
1st APA president
William James
1st US psychologist
Functionalist
Functionalism
how your brain functions to work in its environment
Mary Whiton Calkins
Was refused a Harvard PHD
founded labs a Wellesley
1st Female APA presidency
Margaret Floy Washburn
1st female PHD
started behavioralism
2nd woman APA pres
Leta Stretter Hollingworth
adolescent development
mental retardation
1st to coin “gifted children”
tried to prove women aren’t inferior
Biological View
how our biology dictates the brain
evolution
Neuropsychology
how the physical relates to the brain
Methodological Constraint
study cant be replicated
Psychoanalysis
mental disorders result from conflicts in the unconscious mind
Behaviorism
It isn’t about how you feel, its about how you act
John B Watson
behaviorist
believed the mind couldn’t be understood
BF Skinner
revived behavioralism
environmental factors contribute
repeat things that give positive outcome
Ivan Pavlov
classical conditioning
Gestalt Psychology
focused on the whole not the parts
perception and behavior as a whole
the whole isn’t a sum of the parts
Humanistic Psychology
emphasizes qualities unique to humans
optimistic
Carl Rogers
human behavior based on sense of self
drive for personal growth
Developmental View
nature vs nurture
changes across lifespan
Jean Piaget
intelligence isn’t fixed at birth
Cognitive View
Actions a related to how we perceive our environment
Language Acquisition Device
ability to learn and understand a language
built in from birth
Albert Ellis
developed Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy
Aaron Beck
pioneer in cognitive therapy
suggested negative beliefs cause depression
cognitive triad: negative thoughts of self, world and future
Trait theory
study of human personality. measurement of traits
Martin Seligman
founder of positive psychology
Eclectic Perspective
no one view has all the answers
