Unit 1 Flashcards
Grants-in-aid
Grants that are given by the national government for a purpose.
Block Grants
Money given by the federal government with a broad purpose with little string attached. State control.
Ex. the fed gov gives a state a grant for infrastructure
Categorical grants
Money given by the federal government for a specific purpose that comes with restrictions concerning how the money should be spent. You can only spend the money given on things within the category the government gives you. There are two types of categorical grants: project and formula grants.
Project grants
Money states apply for by submitting specific project proposals.
Formula grants
Specific money given to states after using a formula to know how much money is actually needed to be given.
N, C, or S:
Declare War
National
N, C, or S:
Education
State
N, C, or S:
Maintain armed forces
National
N, C, or S:
Taxation
Concurrent
N, C, or S:
Establish local governments
State
N, C, or S:
Regulate interstate or foreign trade
National
N, C, or S:
Borrow money
Concurrent
N, C, or S:
Regulate business within the state
State
N, C, or S:
Admit states and coin money
National
N, C, or S:
Charter banks
Concurrent
N, C, or S:
Make marriage laws
State
N, C, or S:
Establish post offices and set standard weights and measures
National
N, C, or S:
Establish courts
Concurrent
N, C, or S:
Provide for public safety
State
N, C, or S:
Establish foreign policy
National
N, C, or S:
Provide for public welfare (+ healthcare)
Concurrent
N, C, or S:
Transportation and Elections
State
Supremacy Clause
Hierarchy:
1. US Constitution
2. National Government
3. State Constitution
4. State Laws
5. Local Laws
Implied powers
- Necessary and Proper / elastic clause
- Executive orders
Enumerated Powers
- Full faith and credit
- Privileges and Immunities
- Extradition
- Commerce Clause
Nullification
State governments can decide if federal laws are unconstitutional and choose not to follow them.
Unfunded Mandates
Mandates where the government doesn’t give money to get the mandate fulfilled
Cross-cutting requirements
Requirements attached to every federal grant
(Ex. no racial discrimination in federal funded program)
Crossover Sanctions
Use of federal money in one program to influence state policy in another area
Selective Incorporation
Selective incorporation means that some of the Bill of Rights amendments also apply to the state governments as well because of the fourteenth admendment.
Devolution Revolution / New Federalism
Give the states more power. States want funds from the federal government but without the strings attached. The federal government sends less money to states but with fewer strings attached.
Privileges and Immunities Clause
Out-of-state citizens cannot be discriminated against. Basically, it doesn’t matter what state you’re from but the state you’re in must treat you equally to its own citizens.
Extradition
If you commit a crime in one state you can’t just move to another state. Your crime will still be valid and you will have to face trial in the state in which you committed the crime.
Full faith and credit
States have to respect the “public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state.”
What article is the legislative branch?
Article 1
What article is the executive branch?
Article 2
What article is the judicial branch?
Article 3
