unit 1

Question 1

anthropology

Answer 1

natural history of the genus, homo sapien sapiens

Question 2

four field approach

Answer 2

all subdivisions are concerned with culture
specialty areas - different kinds of evidence

Question 3

holistic approach

Answer 3

interdisciplinary, use findings from different scientists (all subdivisions)

Question 4

Franz Boaz

Answer 4

german physicist, 1870s
developed anthropology through cultural geography
created the first program at columbia
debunked correlation between race and intelligence

Question 5

ethnology

Answer 5

comparing similar cultures to see what they have in common

Question 6

archaeology

Answer 6

who was here? how did they make these things and why? how do they compare to living people?
get a sense of what it was like to live in that culture at that time

Question 7

linguistic anthropology

Answer 7

how language is used to communicate meaning
field work with living speakers
what they talk about, how they communicate, and for what purposes

Question 8

physical (biological) anthropology

Answer 8

fossils, primates, genetics, ecology, biomechanics

Question 9

forensic anthropology

Answer 9

identify the person, the cause of death, and the suspects

Question 10

ethnography

Answer 10

learn about a culture through fieldwork and observation

Question 11

emic and etic data

Answer 11

emic: data from insiders, informants
etic: data from outsiders, non-native

Question 12

participant observation

Answer 12

insider activity, marginal native, observing as a participant

Question 13

longitudinal research

Answer 13

come back repeatedly over time

Question 14

qualitative data

Answer 14

predominant, communication, meaning

Question 15

quantitative data

Answer 15

numerical data, survey/questionnaire

Question 16

AAA code of ethics

Answer 16

1. no romantic/sexual relationships with subject group members
2. no undercover research
3. protect informants

Question 17

sectarian colony

Answer 17

geographical location, “holy city”
branch divisions, FLDS, jonestown
bounded unit, everyone else is going to hell
apocalyptic, don’t take no for an answer, dangerous

Question 18

informant

Answer 18

insider that you are interviewing

Question 19

key cultural consultant

Answer 19

informants, very in the know of the culture, deeper knowledge

Question 20

structured interview

Answer 20

list of questions that are important to ask, usually specific about variable

Question 21

open-ended interview

Answer 21

conversation, open to any questions, have a topic but can go anywhere

Question 22

genealogical method

Answer 22

interview about descent relationships, understand society, who and how you’re related
how does family operate?

Question 23

cultural relativism

Answer 23

studying and interpreting a culture through that culture’s standards and values

Question 24

adaptation

Answer 24

process by which organisms cope with environmental stresses

Question 25

ethnocentrism

Answer 25

judge another culture in terms of your own cultural standards and values

Question 26

bipedalism

Answer 26

walk upright, hominins

Question 27

australopithecus

Answer 27

upright, living in forest land, not adapted for open country, brain like chimpanzee, immediate ancestors

Question 28

homo erectus

Answer 28

first to get out of east africa, first with bifacial tool, hand axe, must have had language

Question 29

early humans

Answer 29

thicker teeth, sweat glands, shorter life spans, grew faster, long legs encourage radiation of heat