Unit #1 Flashcards
two complimentary branches of Science that belongs in a much larger Science called BIOLOGY
Anatomy and Physiology
studies the shape and structure of an organism’s body and the relationship of one body part to another; to dissect, or cut apart and separate the parts of the body
Anatomy
apart
‘ana’ (greek)
to cut
Temnein (Greek)
first to correctly illustrate the human structure with all of its bones
Leonardo da Vinci
- Founder of Modern Human Anatomy
- Correct description of the heart anatomy
- Most accurate and thorough examination of the human body; finest yet made
Andeas Vesalius
Vesalius presented the fabric design of the human body in this book
De Humani Corporis Fabrica
english anatomist who discovered how blood circulates through the body
William Harvey
study of large and easily observable structures of an organism
Macroscopic (Gross) Anatomy
basic approaches in gross anatomy
Systemic and Regional Anatomy
the study of the body by systems, such as the cardiovascular, nervous, skeletal, and muscular systems
Systemic Anatomy
study of the organization of the body by areas
Regional Anatomy
the study of structures that can be observed only with the use of a microscope or other magnification devices
Microscopic Anatomy
studies the growth and development of an organism throughout its lifetime
Developmental Anatomy
studies similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species
Comparative Anatomy
studies structural changes caused by a disease
Pathological Anatomy
includes internal structures as visualized by x-rays or other scanning machines
Radiographic Anatomy
the study of external features, such as bony projections, which serve as landmarks for locating deeper structures
Surface Anatomy
feeling organs with your hands
Palpation
listening to an organ sound with a stethoscope
Auscultation
involves imaging tests to create pictures of internal structures
Anatomical Imaging
uses electromagnetic radiation to create pictures of the inside of the body
x-rays
an imaging method that uses sound waves to produce images of structures within your body.
Diagnostic ultrasound
uses a powerful magnetic field, radio frequency pulses and a computer to produce detailed pictures of organs, soft tissues, bone, and other internal body structures
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
MRI is best at imaging/showing ________
spine (spinal cords and nerves) and joints (ligaments and tendons)
noninvasive diagnostic imaging procedure that uses a combination of xrays and computer technology to produce slices of the body
computed tomography (CT)
CT is best at imaging/showing ________
abdominal pain, trauma, brain, chest
imaging test that uses a special dye that has radioactive tracers; commonly used in detecting cancer and mapping normal human brain and heart function
Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
deals with the processes or functions of the body
Physiology
study of a specific organism (humans)
Human Physiology
subdivisions that emphasize specific organizational levels
Systemic Physiology
Form is related to its
function
Anatomy & Physiology is the principle of
complementarity of structure and function
to go before
Anterior (Latin)
refers to a person standing erect with the face directed forward, the upper limbs hanging to the sides, and the palms of the hands facing forward
Anatomical Position
lying face upward
Supine
lying face downward
Prone
toward the midline
Medial
away from the midline
Lateral
toward or on the surface
Superficial (external)
away from the muscle; internal
Deep (Internal)
toward the point of attachment
Proximal
away from the point of attachment
Distal
front or in front of; toward the belly
Anterior (ventral)
toward the back; away from the belly
Posterior (dorsal)
