unit 1 Flashcards
what are reactants?
atoms in reacting substances (added together)
what are products?
new substances formed when reactants= rearranged
what are chemical equations?
describe chemical reactions
what is a chemical change?
substances=converted into 1+ new substances + have different properties/formulas
what is a combination reaction?
2+ elements/compounds bond -> form 1 product
what is a decomposition reaction?
reactant splits into 2+ simpler products
what is a single-replacement reaction?
reacting element switches w/ an element in the other reacting compound
what is a double-replacement reaction?
positive ions in the reacting compounds switch places
what is a combustion reaction?
carbon-containing compound (usually a fuel) burns in O2 gas to —> CO2 + H2O + energy
what is an oxidation-reduction reaction?
(AKA redox) e- transferred from one substance to another
what is oxidation?
electrons are lost
metals ____?
oxidize (lose e-)
what is reduction?
electrons are gained
nonmetals ___?
reduce (gain e-)
what is Avogadro’s number?
6.02x10^23
what is a mole?
of atoms + particles + ions
what is molar mass?
quantity of grams that equals the atomic mass of that element
1 mol of an element = g of element
what is the law of conservation of mass?
no change in the total mass of the substance’s reacting in a chemical reaction
what is the limiting reactant?
reactant that is completely used up
what is the excess reactant?
reactant is NOT completely used up and is left over
