Unit 1

Question 1

Electronegativity

Answer 1

measure of ability of an atom or group to attract shared electrons in a bond.
- decreases when moving down a group
- increases when moving across period (Florine is most powerful)

Question 2

Ionization energy

Answer 2

energy required to remove 1 (outermost) electron
- decreases when moving down periodic table
–> if electron is farther from nucleus there is less attraction between it and the nucleus, so it is easier to remove

Question 3

Affinity of Energy

Answer 3

amount of energy released when an electron attaches to a neutral atom or molecule

Question 4

Atomic radius

Answer 4

size of element

Question 5

relative abundance

Answer 5

% of each aton with a specific atomic mass in the sample is that isotopes relative abundance.

Question 6

Average Atomic Mass

Answer 6

(relative abundance of isotope)(mass of isotope) do the same for every isotope present

Question 7

pure substance

Answer 7

one with constant composition can either be an element or compound

Question 8

percent composition

Answer 8

grams of atom/overall mass

Question 9

empircle formula

Answer 9

simples ratio of one element to another in a compound

Question 10

molecular formula

Answer 10

actual formula for a substance

Question 11

mass spectroscopy

Answer 11

sum of (relative abundance of isotope)(mass of isotope).

Question 12

percent composition

Answer 12

(grams of one)/total

Question 13

mass percentage

Answer 13

mass of sub/total mass of mix *100 = mass percentage

Question 14

composition analysis

Answer 14

finds chem formula of a substance that contains H and C (combustion reaction)

Question 15

shielding

Answer 15

electron in valence shell experience less nuclear pull than those in core shells.

Question 16

binding energy

Answer 16

amount of energy needed to remove electron from atom

Question 17

nuclear charge

Answer 17

net positive charge experienced by valence electron

Question 18

cations

Answer 18

positively charged ions; smaller than parent bc it lost electron

Question 19

anions

Answer 19

negatively charged ion; bigger than parent bc gained electron.