Unit 1

Question 1

What is chemistry?

Answer 1

Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes.

Question 2

What is matter?

Answer 2

Anything that has mass and volume.

Question 3

What is mass?

Answer 3

The amount of matter something has.

Question 4

What is volume?

Answer 4

The amount of space something takes up.

Question 5

What is weight?

Answer 5

The force of gravity on an object.

Question 6

A graduated cylinder originally has 34 mL of water. A rock is dropped into the graduated cylinder, and now it has 56 mL. What is the volume of the rock?

Answer 6

22 mL

Question 7

What is an extensive property?

Answer 7

Depends on amount of matter.

Question 8

What is an intensive property?

Answer 8

Doesn’t depend on amount of matter.

Question 8

What does homogeneous mean?

Answer 8

Uniform look, no variation in texture or look.

Question 9

What does heterogeneous mean?

Answer 9

Non-uniform look, texture and look varies.

Question 10

What is a solution? What is an example of a solution?

Answer 10

Small particles, homogeneous, like lemonade

Question 11

What is a colloid? What is an example of a colloid?

Answer 11

Medium particles, homogeneous, like milk

Question 12

What is a suspension? What is an example of a suspension?

Answer 12

Large particles, heterogeneous, layers, like salad dressing.

Question 13

What is a physical property? What is an example of a physical property?

Answer 13

A property that doesn’t change when observed, like color.

Question 14

What is a chemical property? What is an example of a chemical property?

Answer 14

How a substance reacts to another substance, like flammability.

Question 15

What is a physical change? What is an example of a physical change?

Answer 15

A change that doesn’t change the structure of the substance, like melting.

Question 16

What is a chemical change? What is an example of a chemical change?

Answer 16

A change that changes the chemical structure of the substance and can’t be reversed, such as burning paper.

Question 17

What is a qualitative observation? What is an example of a qualitative observation?

Answer 17

Not numeric information, such as color

Question 18

What is a quantitative observation? What is an example of a quantitative observation?

Answer 18

Numeric information, such as the length of an object.

Question 19

What is the difference between the independent and dependent variable?

Answer 19

The independent variable is the variable being intentionally changed, while the dependent variable is measuring the effects of the independent variable.

Question 20

Mark decides to do an experiment to see how the temperature of a basketball affects how high the basketball bounces. What is the independent and dependent variable?

Answer 20

The independent variable is the temperature of the basketball, while the dependent variable is how high the basketball bounces.

Question 21

What is the Scientific Method? Why do we do it? What are the steps?

Answer 21

The Scientific Method is used to produce accurate results in an experiment. The steps are as follows:
1. Observe
2. Ask a question
3. Make a hypothesis
4. Create and conduct an experiment
5. Make observations
6. Analyze the data
7. Make conclusions
8. Repeat

Question 22

What is kinetic theory?

Answer 22

Atoms and molecules act like particles that are always moving. The higher the temperature, the faster they move.

Question 23

What is a solid?

Answer 23

It has a definite shape and volume.

Question 24

What is a liquid?

Answer 24

It has a fluid shape and a definite volume.

Question 25

What is a gas?

Answer 25

It doesn't have a shape or volume.

Question 26

What is energy?

Answer 26

The ability to make things move or change.

Question 27

What is melting?

Answer 27

A phase change from solid to liquid, where energy is absorbed.

Question 28

What is freezing?

Answer 28

A phase change from liquid to solid, where energy is released.

Question 29

What is evaporation?

Answer 29

The molecules on the surface of a liquid gain enough energy to escape the liquid and turn into a gas, taking the energy and cooling the liquid.

Question 30

What is condensation?

Answer 30

A phase change from gas to liquid, where energy is released.

Question 31

What is boiling?

Answer 31

A phase change from liquid to gas, which occurs when the vapor pressure is the same as the surrounding atmospheric pressure.

Question 32

At what pressure does normal boiling point happen?

Answer 32

1 atm, 760 mmHg, 760 torr, 101.3 kPa, or 14.7 psi

Question 33

What is the triple point?

Answer 33

The pressure and temperature at which all 3 phases of a substance can exist at the same time.

Question 34

What is the critical point?

Answer 34

The pressure and temperature at which the substance can no longer become a liquid.

Question 35

At STP, what phase is carbon?

Answer 35

Solid

Question 36

Is the statement, "The candle is white," an observation or inference?

Answer 36

Observation

Question 37

Is the statement, "The candle blew out because there was no more oxygen in the container," an observation or inference?

Answer 37

Inference

Question 38

In our lab, what state of matter did the candle burn in?

Answer 38

Vapor

Question 39

In our lab, what was needed for combustion to happen?

Answer 39

Fuel (the burning candle), and oxygen

Question 40

What are the products of combustion?

Answer 40

Carbon dioxide and water.

Question 41

Why is wire gauze used in lamps?

Answer 41

Wire gauze absorbs the energy from the flame, so it can't escape and burn more things down.