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Chemistry CP Honors > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is chemistry?

A

Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes.

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2
Q

What is matter?

A

Anything that has mass and volume.

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3
Q

What is mass?

A

The amount of matter something has.

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4
Q

What is volume?

A

The amount of space something takes up.

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5
Q

What is weight?

A

The force of gravity on an object.

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6
Q

A graduated cylinder originally has 34 mL of water. A rock is dropped into the graduated cylinder, and now it has 56 mL. What is the volume of the rock?

A

22 mL

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7
Q

What is an extensive property?

A

Depends on amount of matter.

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8
Q

What is an intensive property?

A

Doesn’t depend on amount of matter.

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8
Q

What does homogeneous mean?

A

Uniform look, no variation in texture or look.

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9
Q

What does heterogeneous mean?

A

Non-uniform look, texture and look varies.

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10
Q

What is a solution? What is an example of a solution?

A

Small particles, homogeneous, like lemonade

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11
Q

What is a colloid? What is an example of a colloid?

A

Medium particles, homogeneous, like milk

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12
Q

What is a suspension? What is an example of a suspension?

A

Large particles, heterogeneous, layers, like salad dressing.

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13
Q

What is a physical property? What is an example of a physical property?

A

A property that doesn’t change when observed, like color.

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14
Q

What is a chemical property? What is an example of a chemical property?

A

How a substance reacts to another substance, like flammability.

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15
Q

What is a physical change? What is an example of a physical change?

A

A change that doesn’t change the structure of the substance, like melting.

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16
Q

What is a chemical change? What is an example of a chemical change?

A

A change that changes the chemical structure of the substance and can’t be reversed, such as burning paper.

17
Q

What is a qualitative observation? What is an example of a qualitative observation?

A

Not numeric information, such as color

18
Q

What is a quantitative observation? What is an example of a quantitative observation?

A

Numeric information, such as the length of an object.

19
Q

What is the difference between the independent and dependent variable?

A

The independent variable is the variable being intentionally changed, while the dependent variable is measuring the effects of the independent variable.

20
Q

Mark decides to do an experiment to see how the temperature of a basketball affects how high the basketball bounces. What is the independent and dependent variable?

A

The independent variable is the temperature of the basketball, while the dependent variable is how high the basketball bounces.

21
Q

What is the Scientific Method? Why do we do it? What are the steps?

A

The Scientific Method is used to produce accurate results in an experiment. The steps are as follows:
1. Observe
2. Ask a question
3. Make a hypothesis
4. Create and conduct an experiment
5. Make observations
6. Analyze the data
7. Make conclusions
8. Repeat

22
Q

What is kinetic theory?

A

Atoms and molecules act like particles that are always moving. The higher the temperature, the faster they move.

23
Q

What is a solid?

A

It has a definite shape and volume.

24
Q

What is a liquid?

A

It has a fluid shape and a definite volume.

25
Q

What is a gas?

A

It doesn’t have a shape or volume.

26
Q

What is energy?

A

The ability to make things move or change.

27
Q

What is melting?

A

A phase change from solid to liquid, where energy is absorbed.

28
Q

What is freezing?

A

A phase change from liquid to solid, where energy is released.

29
Q

What is evaporation?

A

The molecules on the surface of a liquid gain enough energy to escape the liquid and turn into a gas, taking the energy and cooling the liquid.

30
Q

What is condensation?

A

A phase change from gas to liquid, where energy is released.

31
Q

What is boiling?

A

A phase change from liquid to gas, which occurs when the vapor pressure is the same as the surrounding atmospheric pressure.

32
Q

At what pressure does normal boiling point happen?

A

1 atm, 760 mmHg, 760 torr, 101.3 kPa, or 14.7 psi

33
Q

What is the triple point?

A

The pressure and temperature at which all 3 phases of a substance can exist at the same time.

34
Q

What is the critical point?

A

The pressure and temperature at which the substance can no longer become a liquid.

35
Q

At STP, what phase is carbon?

A

Solid

36
Q

Is the statement, “The candle is white,” an observation or inference?

A

Observation

37
Q

Is the statement, “The candle blew out because there was no more oxygen in the container,” an observation or inference?

A

Inference

38
Q

In our lab, what state of matter did the candle burn in?

A

Vapor

39
Q

In our lab, what was needed for combustion to happen?

A

Fuel (the burning candle), and oxygen

40
Q

What are the products of combustion?

A

Carbon dioxide and water.

41
Q

Why is wire gauze used in lamps?

A

Wire gauze absorbs the energy from the flame, so it can’t escape and burn more things down.

Chemistry CP Honors (3 decks)

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