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Chemistry 30 > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Scientist in order

A

Democritius, alchemists, dalton, thompson, rutherford, bohr, heisenburg

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2
Q

Democritus

A

First atomic theories, came up with atomis which means indivisible, name atom came from him.

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3
Q

Alchemists

A

Earliests chemists, used experimentation. Tgey distill liquids, mix metals etc. Original goal was go create gold

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4
Q

What did aristole propose?

A

Earth,wind, fire, water and ether

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5
Q

What is ether?

A

A substance thar filled slace between elements. Most heavenly

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6
Q

Dalton

A

Billard ball.atomic theory. All elements composed of atoms, all atoms of same element are identical

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7
Q

Thompson

A

Electrons. Passed electricity over a vaccum tive, removed electrons. Called raisin bun model

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8
Q

Rutherford

A

Nucleus. Shot alpha particles throufh gold foil. 99.9 went through. Coined word proton. Most of an atom is empty space

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9
Q

Bohr

A

Energy levels. Electrons emit light when they go closer to nucleus, absorb light when they move away

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10
Q

Heisenburg

A

Uncertainty principle. Cannog know the position and momentum of electrons. Found in probability clouds

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11
Q

Quantum model

A

Also know as clpud model

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12
Q

Octet rule

A

8 valent electrons in outershell

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13
Q

What group/familg have a full octet

A

Noble gasses, very stable

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14
Q

Covalent bonds

A

Share electrons(molecular)

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15
Q

Ionic bonds

A

Transfer electrons

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16
Q

Molecular

A

2 non metals(use prefixes)

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17
Q

Ionic

A

Metal+non

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18
Q

Positive ions are called

A

Cations

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19
Q

Negative ions=

A

Anion

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20
Q

Properties of ionic compounds

A

Solid at room temp, confuct in aq and livuid state, crytal lattice, hard/brittle, high mp and bp

21
Q

Properties of molecular compounds

A

S,L,G. Soft/squishy, non conductors, relatively low mp and bp

22
Q

Sea model

A

Valent electrons in metals are loosely attached to their metal nuclei therefore thry can move from one go another nuclei ghere fore the conduct

23
Q

Different properties of metals that ionic solids

A

Lustrous, malleable, ductile, confucg in solid state

24
Q

What type of substances conficg electricity

A

Ionic/metals

25
Q

Network solid

A

Interlocking network of bonds

26
Q

Valence electrons

A

Outermost electrons, highest energy level

27
Q

How do atoms gain charges

A

They gain or lose electrons

28
Q

Metal+non come in contact

A

Non will steal electeons foroming negative ion and metal will become positive

29
Q

Polyatomic ion

A

Ions consisting of more than 1 element ex: NH4+

30
Q

Multivalent

A

More than 1 charge

31
Q

Ionic formula

A

Switch*

32
Q

Lewis dot diagram

A

Representation if valence electrons in atoms making up a compound, atoms arraged to share valwnce electrons to obstain the octet or most stsble form

33
Q

Electronegativity

A

Ability of an atom to attract electrons to itself

34
Q

Polar bond

A

Unequal sharong lf val e-

35
Q

No polr bond

A

Equal sharing

36
Q

Dipole

A

Partial charge caused from unequal sharing

37
Q

Inteamolecular force

A

Hold tovether atoms making up a molecile or compound- ionic-covalent and metallic

38
Q

Inter vs intra

A

Bonds not stable, caused by momentarty polarization of particles

39
Q

Intra=

A

Between atoms/withon molecules

40
Q

Inter=

A

Between molecules, occur in molecular substances

41
Q

Attraction between intra

A

Is strong

42
Q

Most electronegative element is

A

Fluorine

43
Q

Shape

A

If symmetrical= non-polar

44
Q

If non symmetrical

A

= polar

45
Q

Ligands the same+no lone pairs

A

Non polar

46
Q

Atoms are the same

A

=non polar

47
Q

2 main thpes of intermolecular forces

A

Van der waals and hydrogen bonds

48
Q

Van der waals

A

Weakest, between 2 molecules. There are 2 types LD (identical molecules of polar bond symmetry) and DD(polar)

49
Q

Hydrogen bonds

A

Strongest

Chemistry 30 (1 decks)

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