unit 1🐇

Question 1

What are the aims of human factors?

Answer 1

• increase safety, comfort, ease and reduce fatigue

- Improve system performance, reliability and maintenance

Question 2

What is ergonomics?

Answer 2

science info applied in order to design a product that people can interact efficiently and safely.

Question 3

What is Physical ergonomics?

Answer 3

ergonomics that deals with body measurements (size, strength, and physical capacity.

Question 4

What is Cognitive ergonomics?

Answer 4

deals with mental processes (perception, memory, reasoning, and motor response).

Question 5

what is the difference between ergonomics and anthropometrics?

Answer 5

• ergonomics focuses on the relationship between the product and the users
• anthropometrics is the study of statistical data and body measurements.

Question 6

what is anthropometrics?

Answer 6

the study of statistical data and body measurements.

Question 7

what is static data?

Answer 7

static data focuses on fixed positions (joints, height, etc)

Question 8

what is dynamic data?

Answer 8

focuses on movement (grip, reach, reaction time, etc).

Question 9

what is primary data?

Answer 9

collected by the researcher or designer themselves.

Question 10

what is secondary data?

Answer 10

collected from a database.

Question 11

what is percentile range?

Answer 11

That proportion of a population with a dimension at or less than a given value

Question 12

what is the 50th percentile?

Answer 12

the average- most of the population is within this area.

Question 13

what is the 95th?

Answer 13

a smaller percentage of people (5 percent) that bigger, taller, etc than the average (50th).

Question 14

the 5th percentile?

Answer 14

the smaller percentage of people (5 percent) that are smaller than the average.

Question 15

which percentile should your product target if you are designing for easy reach?

Answer 15

5th

Question 16

which percentile should your product target if you are designing for comfort (eg. seats).

Answer 16

95th

Question 17

which percentile should your product target if you are designing for a good match between the user and the product?

Answer 17

max range:

5th-95th

Question 18

which percentile should your product target if you are designing for comfort and safe posture?

Answer 18

max range:

5th - 95th percentile

Question 19

which percentile should your product target if you are designing for easy operation

Answer 19

5th

Question 20

which percentile should your product target if you are designing for easy operation To ensure that an item can’t be reached or operated​

Answer 20

smallest: 5th

Largest 95th

Question 21

what is reach?

Answer 21

space within which you can carry out physical work activities when you are at a fixed location.

Question 22

what is clearance?

Answer 22

The minimum distance required to, enable the user into or through an area

Question 23

what is range?

Answer 23

a variety of different sizes of the same product.

Question 24

what is adjustability?

Answer 24

one size that can be modified.

Question 25

what are psychological factors?

Answer 25

Psychological factors include, smell, light, sound, taste, texture and temperature.

Question 26

what is nominal data?

Answer 26

This scale only classifies objects into discrete categories, for example, food groups.

Question 27

what is ordinal data?

Answer 27

the labels used in ordinal scales can be words, symbols, letters or numerals. When numbers are used, it is only for sequence or order

Question 28

what is interval data?

Answer 28

is a numeric scale that represents not only the order but also the equal distances between the values of the objects.

Question 29

what is ratio?

Answer 29

-similar to interval but has a true zero

Question 30

is ordinal qualitative or quantitive?

Answer 30

qualitative (taste, smell and texture)

Question 31

is interval qualitative or quantitive?

Answer 31

quantitive (sound, temp, light)

Question 32

What are human info processing systems?

Answer 32

Presented in a flow chart

-input –> sensory process –> central processes –> motor processes –> output

Question 33

what are environmental factors?

Answer 33

Environmental factors include, sound, temperature, lighting, air quality (pollutants) and smell.

Question 34

what is alertness?

Answer 34

being aware of what is happening in the area

Question 35

what are the human factors?

Answer 35

• effectiveness
• efficiency
• engagement
• error tolerance
• learnability

Question 36

what is fatigue?

Answer 36

When people are put under physical or mental stress/activities for extended periods leading to possible errors. Therefore, designers ensure a non harmful product.

Question 37

what is comfort?

Answer 37

ensuring a comfortable product.

Question 38

what is discomfort?

Answer 38

Discomfort is needed at times, for example, at airports to prevent users from falling asleep.

Question 39

what is biomechanics?

Answer 39

the research and analysis of the mechanics of living organisms (comfort, fatigue, and injury prevention)

designers work to create a product which:
feels comfortable,
prevents or mitigate injury
enhances human performance.

Question 40

what are the 4 criterias of biomechanics

Answer 40

force, duration, repetition, and posture

Question 41

what is force?

Answer 41

excessive impact

Question 42

what is repetition?

Answer 42

how many times does a person repeat an action to reach their goal?

Question 43

what is duration?

Answer 43

continuous muscular effort.

Question 44

posture?

Answer 44

ensure there is no strain. on the users muscles and helps improve the users posture.