unit 1🐇 Flashcards
What are the aims of human factors?
- increase safety, comfort, ease and reduce fatigue
- Improve system performance, reliability and maintenance
What is ergonomics?
science info applied in order to design a product that people can interact efficiently and safely.
What is Physical ergonomics?
ergonomics that deals with body measurements (size, strength, and physical capacity.
What is Cognitive ergonomics?
deals with mental processes (perception, memory, reasoning, and motor response).
what is the difference between ergonomics and anthropometrics?
- ergonomics focuses on the relationship between the product and the users
- anthropometrics is the study of statistical data and body measurements.
what is anthropometrics?
the study of statistical data and body measurements.
what is static data?
static data focuses on fixed positions (joints, height, etc)
what is dynamic data?
focuses on movement (grip, reach, reaction time, etc).
what is primary data?
collected by the researcher or designer themselves.
what is secondary data?
collected from a database.
what is percentile range?
That proportion of a population with a dimension at or less than a given value
what is the 50th percentile?
the average- most of the population is within this area.
what is the 95th?
a smaller percentage of people (5 percent) that bigger, taller, etc than the average (50th).
the 5th percentile?
the smaller percentage of people (5 percent) that are smaller than the average.
which percentile should your product target if you are designing for easy reach?
5th
which percentile should your product target if you are designing for comfort (eg. seats).
95th
which percentile should your product target if you are designing for a good match between the user and the product?
max range:
5th-95th
which percentile should your product target if you are designing for comfort and safe posture?
max range:
5th - 95th percentile
which percentile should your product target if you are designing for easy operation
5th
which percentile should your product target if you are designing for easy operation To ensure that an item can’t be reached or operated
smallest: 5th
Largest 95th
what is reach?
space within which you can carry out physical work activities when you are at a fixed location.
what is clearance?
The minimum distance required to, enable the user into or through an area
what is range?
a variety of different sizes of the same product.
what is adjustability?
one size that can be modified.
what are psychological factors?
Psychological factors include, smell, light, sound, taste, texture and temperature.
what is nominal data?
This scale only classifies objects into discrete categories, for example, food groups.
what is ordinal data?
the labels used in ordinal scales can be words, symbols, letters or numerals. When numbers are used, it is only for sequence or order
what is interval data?
is a numeric scale that represents not only the order but also the equal distances between the values of the objects.
what is ratio?
-similar to interval but has a true zero
is ordinal qualitative or quantitive?
qualitative (taste, smell and texture)
is interval qualitative or quantitive?
quantitive (sound, temp, light)
What are human info processing systems?
Presented in a flow chart
-input –> sensory process –> central processes –> motor processes –> output
what are environmental factors?
Environmental factors include, sound, temperature, lighting, air quality (pollutants) and smell.
what is alertness?
being aware of what is happening in the area
what are the human factors?
- effectiveness
- efficiency
- engagement
- error tolerance
- learnability
what is fatigue?
When people are put under physical or mental stress/activities for extended periods leading to possible errors. Therefore, designers ensure a non harmful product.
what is comfort?
ensuring a comfortable product.
what is discomfort?
Discomfort is needed at times, for example, at airports to prevent users from falling asleep.
what is biomechanics?
the research and analysis of the mechanics of living organisms (comfort, fatigue, and injury prevention)
designers work to create a product which:
feels comfortable,
prevents or mitigate injury
enhances human performance.
what are the 4 criterias of biomechanics
force, duration, repetition, and posture
what is force?
excessive impact
what is repetition?
how many times does a person repeat an action to reach their goal?
what is duration?
continuous muscular effort.
posture?
ensure there is no strain. on the users muscles and helps improve the users posture.
