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Biology 102 > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Not cells because they have no cell wall, metabolism, cytoplasm, etc

A

Viroids, prions, and viruses

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2
Q

Infectious agents for plants

A

Viroids

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3
Q

Protein molecules

Contain no genetic molecules

Ex) mad cow disease

A

Prions

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4
Q

Made up of nucleic acid and dna (or rna) and protein coat(capsid)

Cannot be seen with light microscope

Do not consume anything, only reproduce and evolve

Cannot reproduce without using host cell

A

Viruses

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5
Q

the cells of ____ lack a nucleus, lack membrane bound organelles and are also extremely small

A

bacteria and archaea

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6
Q

How do prokaryotes reproduce?

A

By splitting in half into daughter cells

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7
Q

How can prokaryotes become resistant to antibiotics?

A

By evolving or they can sometimes connect with a pious and swap dna

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8
Q

Organism gets energy from another organism

A

Heterotrophic

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9
Q

Gets energy from something other than another organism

Ex) plants get energy from the sun

A

Autotrophs

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10
Q

Uses chemicals to obtain energy

A

Chemoautotrophing

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11
Q

Organisms that live in extreme conditions or environments

Usually have adaptations that allow them to do so

A

Extremophiles

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12
Q

organisms that live in temperature conditions above boiling or below freezing

A

thermophiles

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13
Q

organisms that live in extremely low ph

A

acidophiles

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14
Q

organisms that live in extremely salty environments

A

halophiles

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15
Q

mean number of infections from one infected host

A

Ro= S x B x L

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16
Q

Ro= S x B x L

A

Ro= susceptibility x transmissibility x longevity of infectiousness

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17
Q

how many different species there are

A

biodiversity

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18
Q

all members of a specific species in an area

A

population

19
Q

all the different species in an area

A

community

20
Q

the age of human impact

A

anthropocene

21
Q

distribution and abundance of organisms

A

ecology

22
Q

When viewing a slide under a microscope, you should always begin on the ______ objective

A

lowest objective (4X)

23
Q

When viewing a slide under a microscope you should always begin focusing with the ______ adjustment knob

A

course

24
Q

the scientific name of a species consists of two elements

A

the generic name and the specific name

25
Q

living organisms are classified into three domains:

A

bateria, archaea, and eukarya

26
Q

the organisms in bacteria and archaea are collectively referred to as

A

prokaryotes

27
Q

eukaryotes

A

organisms in the domain eukarya

28
Q

single cell organisms, most of which have one of three basic shapes

A

prokaryotes

29
Q

three shapes of prokaryotes:

A

bacillus
coccus
spirillum

30
Q

rod shaped prokaryotes

A

bacillus

31
Q

spherical shaped prokaryotes

A

coccus

32
Q

spiral shaped prokaryotes

A

spirillum

33
Q

bacilli that occur in chains are called

A

streptobacilli

34
Q

cocci occurring in chains are called

A

streptococci

35
Q

cocci that occur in cluster are called

A

staphylococci

36
Q

largest of prokaryotes shapes

A

spirilla

37
Q

contains organisms known as blue-green bacteria or algae

A

kingdom cyanobacteria

38
Q

these bacteria carry out oxygen generating photosynthesis, synthesizing organic molecules from carbon dioxide using solar energy

A

blue-green bacteria

39
Q

cells that are attached to each other by gelatinous sheaths growing in chains or filaments

A

filamentous cells

40
Q

asexual reproduction in cyanobacteria occurs by

A

fragmentation or fission

41
Q

a single cell breaks into parts that regenerate into whole new cells

A

fragmentation

42
Q

the cell separates into two equal sized cells

A

fission

43
Q

although they are similar in appearance to bacteria, they differ in the chemical composition of their cell walls and plasma membranes

A

archaeans

44
Q

Methane producers

A

Methanogens

Biology 102 (2 decks)

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