Unit 1 Flashcards
Four ways to increase the rate of a reaction
- increasing temperature
- increasing concentration
- increasing surface area/decreasing particle size
- using a catalyst
Definition of a catalyst
A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction but remains unchanged by the end of the reaction
What does the group number on a periodic table mean
The amount of outer electrons the element has
Where are the protons, neutrons and electrons located in a nucleus
protons and neutrons in the nucleus, electrons outside it
Do covalent molecular substances have high or low boiling/melting points?
Low
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons or electrons
What is the mass number?
The protons + neutrons
What are the 3 covalent networks?
Diamond, silicon, graphite
When do ionic compounds conduct electricity?
When they are molten or solution
Why do ionic compounds conduct electricity when liquid and not when solid?
Because when solid the ions are not free to move, when heated up and turned to liquid they are free to move which allows conduction
Would a positive ion in an iconic substance gravitate towards a negative or positive electrode?
Negative as opposites attract
What is a particle that has more protons than electrons, metals lose electrons to gain these
A positive ion
What is a particle that has more electrons than protons, non-metals gain electrons to form these
Negative ion
Do ionic substances have high or low melting/boiling points?
High
What is an isotope?
An atom with the same atomic number but different mass number as another atom. (same number of protons, different number of neutrons)
