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HTHS 1110 > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Physiology

A

Study of the function of the human body

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2
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of the structure of the human body

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3
Q

Embryology

A

First 8 weeks of development

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4
Q

Developmental Biology

A

All stages of development

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5
Q

Cell Biology

A

Cell structure and functions

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6
Q

Histology

A

Microscopic structure of tissues

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7
Q

Surface Anatomy

A

Surface markings of the body observed through visualization and palpation

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8
Q

Gross Anatomy

A

Structures viewed without a microscope

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9
Q

System Anatomy

A

Structures of specific systems

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10
Q

Regional Anatomy

A

structures of specific regions of the body

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11
Q

Radiographic Anatomy

A

Structures viewed with CT, X-ray, or MRI

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12
Q

Pathological Anatomy

A

Structural changes with disease

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13
Q

Neurophysiology

A

Functional properties of nerve cells

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14
Q

Endocrinology

A

Hormones and how they control function within the body

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15
Q

Cardiovascular Physiology

A

Function of the heart and blood vessels

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16
Q

Immunology

A

How the body defends itself against disease carrying bodies

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17
Q

Respiratory Physiology

A

Function of air passageways and lungs

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18
Q

Renal Physiology

A

Functions of the kidney

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19
Q

Exercise Physiology

A

Change within cell of organ function caused by a change in muscular activity

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20
Q

Pathophysiology

A

changes in fucntion associated with disease and aging

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21
Q

Atom

A

Smallest level of organization

Ex: Oxygen

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22
Q

Molecule

A

2nd smallest level of organization

Ex: Dioxide

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23
Q

Macromolecule

A

3rd smallest level of organization within the human body.

Ex: Phosolipids

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24
Q

Cell

A

4th smallest level of organization

Ex: Clara Cell

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25
Q

Tissue

A

4th biggest level of organization

Ex: Epithelial tissue

26
Q

Organ

A

3rd largest level of organizat

27
Q

Organ System

A

2nd largest of the levels of organization

Ex: heart

28
Q

Organ System

A

2nd largest of the levels of organization

Ex: heart

29
Q

Organism

A

Largest level of organozatopm o

30
Q

Describe Anatomical Position

A

Facing forwards, feet together, arms to the

31
Q

Superior ——> Inferior

A

Superior is upwards amd Omderra

32
Q

Cranial ——> Caudal

A

Cranial is towards the head

Caudal is towards the tail bone

33
Q

Posterior (Dorsal)——> Anterior (ventral)

A

Posterior is towards the back

Anterior is towards the front.

34
Q

Medial ——>Lateral

A

Medial is towards the midline of the body

35
Q

Cardinal Planes

A 
Coronal = Frontal
Horizontal = Transverse = Axial
Sagittal = horizontal
36
Q

Proximal——–>Distal

A

Used only for limbs
Proximal = towards point of attachment
Distal = further from the point of attachment

37
Q

Sagittal Plane

A 
Midsagittal = divides human body down the middle
Parasagittal = planes parallel to midsagittal plane
38
Q

Dorsal Cavity

A

Encompasses the cranial cavity and the vertebral cavity (holds the brain and spinal cord)

39
Q

Ventral Cavity

A

Comprises the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

40
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A

Encompasses most of the major organs.

41
Q

Abdominal Pelvic Cavity

A

Has 4 quadrants and 9 regions

42
Q

The body systems

A

Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Lymphatic Circulatory, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, Reproductive

43
Q

Integumentary System

A

Comprises of the skin
Dermis, epidermis, hypodermic tissue
Protection against invaders and temperature and fluid balance

44
Q

Skeletal System

A

Protection of organs and stabilizing the body
regulating the levels of mineral calcium in blood
axial skeleton, appendicular skeleton

45
Q

Axial Skeleton

A

skull, vertebral column, 12 paired ribs, sternum

46
Q

Appendicular Skeleton upper

A

clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges

47
Q

Appendicular Skeleton Lower

A

Pelvis, Femur, Patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges

48
Q

Muscular system

A

Essential for body movement, body temperature regulation

skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle

49
Q

Nervous System

A

Nerve cells that receive and process information

50
Q

Endocrine System

A

hypothalamus, thyroid gland, thymus glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, testes, ovaries
Sends longer signals for more time
regulation of body systems

51
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

Consists of blood and lymphatic fluids and system to move them.

52
Q

Respiratory System

A

removes CO2 waste from the body and oxegnenates blood

oral cavity, nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, lungs, diaphragm

53
Q

Digestive System

A

takes in solids and liquids, breaks them down to molecular size and distributes them to the body tissues
mouth/tongue, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gall bladder, spleen, pancreas

54
Q

Urinary System

A

processes blood and removes waste product
responsible for fluid, mineral, and acid/base balance
kidney, uterer, bladder, and urethra

55
Q

Reproductive system

A

Both male and female systems. Male share parts between urinary systems and females have separate

56
Q

Homeostasis

A

the system responsible for keeping your body regulated

57
Q

Negative Feedback loops

A

Most common
stop when the effector brings variable back to the predetermined set point
Used all the time within our body

58
Q

Positive Feedback Looks

A

Quite rare
Only stop when stimulus is removed.
Used in dire situations

59
Q

Sign

A

A variable which can be measured objectively

60
Q

Symptom

A

variable which can only be felt by the patient and must be reported to the clinician

61
Q

Syndrome

A

When a group of signs and symptoms occur but we don’t understand why

HTHS 1110 (6 decks)

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