Unit 1 Flashcards
Def’n of nutrition
The nutrients in foods, how nutrients are used in the body and human behavior related to food
Def’n of food
Any substance that your body can take in and adapt to enable you to stay alive and to gain nourishment
Def’n of diet
Foods and beverages that you normally eat
Def’n of nutrients
Components in food that our body needs for optimal functioning
What are energy providing nutrients?
Carbohydrates, protein and fat
What are non-energy containing nutrients?
Water, vitamins and minerals
What are essential nutrients?
Nutrients that have to come from food as the body is not able to make them
What are non-essential nutrients?
Nutrients that the body is able to make itself to promote optimal health and therefore do not rely on food intake
What are conditionally essential nutrients?
Nutrients the body can somewhat make to meet requirements for health but in certain situations aren’t able to make them to meet needs and therefore need to rely on food intake
What is a kilocalorie?
The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one litre (L) of water by one degree Celsius.
What is a calorie?
the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one millilitre (ml) of water by one degree Celsius.
How many cal/g do carbohydrates provide?
4 cal/g
How many cal/g does fat provide?
9 cal/g
How many cal/g does protein provide?
4 cal/g
Is alcohol a nutrient? How many cal/g does it provide?
Alcohol is not a nutrient, and it provides 7 cal/g
How do you determine the number of calories from fat, carbs and protein?
Take the # of g of carbs, fat, and protein multiply by # of cal/g of carbs, fat and protein equals # of calories from carbs, fat and protein
How do you determine the total number of calories?
Take the # of cal from fat, carbs and protein and add them together
How do you calculate the total percentage of each?
Take the # of cal from fat, carbs or protein divide by the total # of calories multiply by 100
What is the purpose of the Canada Food Guide?
To promote healthy eating for Canadians ages 2 and above.
What are the 2 CFG key recommendations?
- Focus on health eating
2. Focus on food behavior
What is the purpose of nutrition labeling?
- Standardize nutrition labeling and food claims
2. Help consumers make informed choices
What is a food allergy?
Involves an immune response to a food substance, specifically the proteins
What happens if an individual is exposed to that food protein? Can it happen more than once?
The body’s immune system responds by creating antibodies called immunoglobulin E (IgE) and if exposed again, IgE antibodies and chemicals like histamine are released
What is histamine?
A powerful chemical that causes a reaction in the respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, skin or cardiovascular system
What is Celiac disease?
A genetic disease caused by the consumption of gluten
What are the risks to food allergies?
Allergic reactions can quickly change from mild to severe and in worst cases can result to anaphylactic shock or death
What is a food intolerance?
Difficulty digesting certain foods and having an unpleasant physical reaction to them
What is lactose intolerant?
Impaired ability to digest lactose due to reduced amounts of the enzyme lactase
What is nutrition quackery?
Nutrition information that is being dispelled to the public
What is food marketing?
Food marketing is advertising that promotes the sale of certain food or food products
How does food marketing impact our food choices?
Food marketing can impact you in many different ways. It is designed to: create food trends, encourage you to purchase certain foods and items, and involve brand loyalty to continue purchasing their products
