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biology 202 > unit 1 > Flashcards

unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which of the following is a major regulatory system of the body?

A

Nervous system

Endocrine system

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2
Q

Which of the following is NOT a major endocrine gland?

A

Thalamus

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3
Q

Which of the following does NOT involve direct contact between cells?

A

Extracellular chemical messengers

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4
Q

Has a specific receptor on its membrane that is linked to intracellular machinery.

A

Target cell

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5
Q

A chemical messenger that is released across a

synapse.

A

Neurotransmitter

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6
Q

A local chemical messenger between cells

A

Paracrine

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7
Q

Glands are predominately composed of:

A

Epithelial tissue

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8
Q

Type of gland that does not use ducts and

secretes its product into the blood:

A

Endocrine gland

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9
Q

Which of the following is not an example of

a paracrine secretion?

A

Insulin

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10
Q

Which of the following is NOt true of leukotrienes?

A

Cyclooxygenase inhibitors block their production

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11
Q

Which of the following would most likely result from a hormone binding to a target cell receptor?

A

Activate 2nd messenger system

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12
Q

Which of the following is not a major 2nd messenger system/part of a 2nd messenger system?

A

Tryptophan Inositol

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13
Q

Catalyzes the conversion of Atp to camp.

A

Adenylate cyclase

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14
Q

Is activated by camp

A

Protein kinase A

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15
Q

Which category of hormone is primarily derived from tyrosine?

A

Amines

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16
Q

Which category of hormone is derived from Cholesterol?

A

Steroids

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17
Q

Which category of hormone is exclusively transported dissolved in the blood?

A

Peptides

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18
Q

Why is it not necessary for this category of hormone (from previous question) to use a transport protein?

A

These hormones are hydrophilic

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19
Q

Which category of hormones are typically hydrophilic with one major exception?

A

Amines

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20
Q

Identify the hormone that is the exception from the previous question.

A

Thyroid hormone

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21
Q

The hormone from the previous question is lipid- soluble (hydrophobic). Which of the following would most likely be true of this hormone?

A

Would bind to intracellular receptors

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22
Q

Which category of hormone is not stored in the cell?

A

Steroids

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23
Q

Which of the following is not a determinate of plasma concentration of a hormone?

A

Rate of synthesis

24
Q

Identify all of the factors that increase a hormone’s effectiveness.

A

Up-regulation of receptors
Synergism
Permissiveness

25
Q

Identify all of the factors that Decrease a hormones effectiveness.

A

Down-regulation of receptors

Antagonism

26
Q

Weight gain, cold intolerance, and lethargy are symptoms of:

A

Hypothyroidism

27
Q

Which of the following causes hyperthyroidism?

A

Excessive stimulation by pituitary gland
Loss of feedback control by thyroid
Excessive production of thyroid hormone

28
Q

Which of the following does not produce blood cells after birth?

A

Liver

29
Q

amount of dissolved particles in blood.

A

Osmolarity

30
Q

Primary factor that contributes to blood viscosity.

A

RBCs

31
Q

Which of the following is not a formed element of blood?

A

Plasma

32
Q

Most abundant plasma protein type.

A

albumins

33
Q

A normal male hematocrit value

A

47%

34
Q

Primary component of plasma

A

Water

35
Q

Which of the following is not a subclass of globulins?

A

Delta

36
Q

Plasma protein family important for transport, blood osmolarity and viscosity.

A

albumins

37
Q

Which of the following plasma proteins does not play a role in blood clotting.

A

Gamma globulins

38
Q

contributes more to blood osmolarity than any other solute.

A

Na+

39
Q

Which of the following blood values is abnormal?

A

White blood cells: 12,000

40
Q

Which of the following is present in a RBC?

A

Hemoglobin

41
Q

Which of the following is not an effect of anemia?

A

High blood viscosity

42
Q

Which of the following is true of type AB blood?

A

No antibodies

43
Q

Which of the following is true of type A blood?

A

A antigens present

44
Q

Which of the following would normally be present in the blood of an RH- individual?

A

No antigens or antibodies

45
Q

Type of leukocyte with single nuclei that have few or no granules.

A

Agranulocytes

46
Q

Most common type of white blood cell

A

Neutrophils

47
Q

Plays a role in allergic reactions and parasitic infections.

A

Eosinophils

48
Q

Which of the following is NOT a granulocyte?

A

Lymphocytes

49
Q

Associated with storage of histamine and release of heparin.

A

Basophils

50
Q

An infection might cause

A

leukopenia

Leukocytosis

51
Q

which of the following is not a function of platelets?

A

Form antibodies

52
Q

which of the following is true of the extrinsic coagulation cascade pathway?

A

Triggered by damage to the outer vessel wall

53
Q

what ion is important for both coagulation cascade pathways?

A

Ca++

54
Q

Most cases of hemophilia are caused by a lack of which clotting factor?

A

Factor VIII

55
Q

Which of the following functions in antagonizing coagulation?

A

Thrombin dilution
Antithrombin
Heparin

biology 202 (1 decks)

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