Unit 1

Question 1

What are the skills of computational thinking

Answer 1

Decomposition

Pattern recognition

Pattern generalisation and abstraction

Algorithm design

Question 2

What is Decomposition

Answer 2

• Identifying and describing problems and processes.
• Breaking down problems and processes into distinct steps.
• Describing problems and processes as a set of structured steps.
• Communicating the key features of problems and processes to others.

Question 3

What is pattern recognition

Answer 3

• Identifying common elements or features in problems or systems.
• Identifying and interpreting common differences between processes or problems.
• Identifying individual elements within problems.
• Describing patterns that have been identified.
• Making predictions based on identified patterns.

Question 4

What is Abstraction

Answer 4

• Identifying information that is necessary to solve an identified problem.
• Filtering out information that is not needed to solve an identified problem.
• Representing parts of a problem or system in general terms by identifying:
o variables
o constants
o key processes
o repeated processes
o inputs
o outputs.

Question 5

Label these flowchart symbols

Answer 5

Question 6

What are the key data types

Answer 6

o alphanumeric strings
o arrays
o Boolean
o characters
o date/time
o floating point (real)
o integers
o objects
o records
o sets
o strings.

Question 7

What is a record (or structure)

Answer 7

A record is a set layout for holding multiple different types of data in one object. For example a use for a record would be storing information about students in a school

Question 8

What is a stack ( and name a use for one )

Answer 8

A stack is a LIFO (Last In First Out) data structure that has numorus uses.

The last in first out nature of a stack makes them incredibly useful for things like recursive algorithms.

Question 9

What is a queue (and name a use for one)

Answer 9

A queue is a FIFO (First In First Out) data structure. the name makes it pretty obvious how it works. A use for a queue could be queuing commands to be sent to a server, or even something like orders to be made at a resturant

Question 10

What is a set

Answer 10

A set is a data type that can hold unique values, without a particular order. A set can be used with other sets to find items that are shared across sets among other uses

Question 11

Create a list of 5 random numbers and sort it on paper using bubble sort

Answer 11

If your sorting looks similar to this you did it right

Question 12

Name 1 pros and 2 cons of bubble sort

Answer 12

Pro: Simple to implement / understand

Cons: Slow, Practically useless, rarely avalible in libraries so the developer will have to implement it by hand whereas with other algorithms it may be built into the language already

Question 13

Make a list of 6 random numbers and sort it using quick sort

Answer 13

if it is done something like this it has been done correctly

Question 14

Name 2 Pros and 2 Cons of quick sort

Answer 14

Pros: Very fast, Comes pre implemented with most coding languages

Cons: Complex, its worst case speed is very slow

Question 15

Make a list of 6 numbers and sort it using insertion sort

Answer 15

if it looks like this it should be correct

Question 16

Name pros and cons of insertion sort

Answer 16

Pros: Easy to implement, Quite fast, Very low memory usage

Cons: on large lists other algorithms outperform it

Question 17

What is linear search and what are the pros and cons

Answer 17

Iterating over each item in a list untill the desired item is found

Pros: Easy to implement, works on all types of data

Cons: slow

Question 18

What is binary search and what are the pros and cons

Answer 18

Binary search compares the target value to the middle element of the array. If they are not equal, the half in which the target cannot lie is eliminated and the search continues on the remaining half, again taking the middle element to compare to the target value, and repeating this until the target value is found.

Pros: Fast

Cons: requires a sorted list

Question 19

What is a class

Answer 19

The blueprint of an objecct

Question 20

What is a method

Answer 20

The associated actions of an object (functions)

Question 21

What is an instance

Answer 21

every object created from the same class

Question 22

What is an object

Answer 22

A collection of data and its associated actions

Question 23

1738, ay im like hey whats up hello

Answer 23

fetty wap

Question 24

What is a subroutine

Answer 24

A subroutine is a sequence of instructions to perform a specific task with an identifiable name

Subroutines can be called upon whenever they are required

Procedures and functions are both examples of subroutines