Unit 1 Flashcards
What are the skills of computational thinking
Decomposition
Pattern recognition
Pattern generalisation and abstraction
Algorithm design
What is Decomposition
- Identifying and describing problems and processes.
- Breaking down problems and processes into distinct steps.
- Describing problems and processes as a set of structured steps.
- Communicating the key features of problems and processes to others.
What is pattern recognition
- Identifying common elements or features in problems or systems.
- Identifying and interpreting common differences between processes or problems.
- Identifying individual elements within problems.
- Describing patterns that have been identified.
- Making predictions based on identified patterns.
What is Abstraction
• Identifying information that is necessary to solve an identified problem.
• Filtering out information that is not needed to solve an identified problem.
• Representing parts of a problem or system in general terms by identifying:
o variables
o constants
o key processes
o repeated processes
o inputs
o outputs.
Label these flowchart symbols
What are the key data types
o alphanumeric strings
o arrays
o Boolean
o characters
o date/time
o floating point (real)
o integers
o objects
o records
o sets
o strings.
What is a record (or structure)
A record is a set layout for holding multiple different types of data in one object. For example a use for a record would be storing information about students in a school
What is a stack ( and name a use for one )
A stack is a LIFO (Last In First Out) data structure that has numorus uses.
The last in first out nature of a stack makes them incredibly useful for things like recursive algorithms.
What is a queue (and name a use for one)
A queue is a FIFO (First In First Out) data structure. the name makes it pretty obvious how it works. A use for a queue could be queuing commands to be sent to a server, or even something like orders to be made at a resturant
What is a set
A set is a data type that can hold unique values, without a particular order. A set can be used with other sets to find items that are shared across sets among other uses
Create a list of 5 random numbers and sort it on paper using bubble sort
If your sorting looks similar to this you did it right
Name 1 pros and 2 cons of bubble sort
Pro: Simple to implement / understand
Cons: Slow, Practically useless, rarely avalible in libraries so the developer will have to implement it by hand whereas with other algorithms it may be built into the language already
Make a list of 6 random numbers and sort it using quick sort
if it is done something like this it has been done correctly
Name 2 Pros and 2 Cons of quick sort
Pros: Very fast, Comes pre implemented with most coding languages
Cons: Complex, its worst case speed is very slow
Make a list of 6 numbers and sort it using insertion sort
if it looks like this it should be correct
Name pros and cons of insertion sort
Pros: Easy to implement, Quite fast, Very low memory usage
Cons: on large lists other algorithms outperform it
What is linear search and what are the pros and cons
Iterating over each item in a list untill the desired item is found
Pros: Easy to implement, works on all types of data
Cons: slow
What is binary search and what are the pros and cons
Binary search compares the target value to the middle element of the array. If they are not equal, the half in which the target cannot lie is eliminated and the search continues on the remaining half, again taking the middle element to compare to the target value, and repeating this until the target value is found.
Pros: Fast
Cons: requires a sorted list
What is a class
The blueprint of an objecct
What is a method
The associated actions of an object (functions)
What is an instance
every object created from the same class
What is an object
A collection of data and its associated actions
1738, ay im like hey whats up hello
fetty wap
What is a subroutine
A subroutine is a sequence of instructions to perform a specific task with an identifiable name
Subroutines can be called upon whenever they are required
Procedures and functions are both examples of subroutines
