Unit 01 Flashcards
1
Q
recount /rɪˈkaʊnt/ or /ˈriːkaʊnt/
A
recount (recounting, recounted, recounts)
> Pronounces /rɪˈkaʊnt/ as verb, /ˈriːkaʊnt/ as N.
1. V-T If you recount a story or event, you tell or describe it to people. 叙述; 描述 [正式] #He then recounted the story of the interview for his first job. #他然后叙述了有关他第一份工作面试的故事。
2. N-COUNT A recount is a second count of votes in an election when the result is very close. 重新计票 #She wanted a recount. She couldn't believe that I got more votes than she did. #她要求重新计票。她不相信我比她得票多。
2
Q
saga /ˈsɑːɡə/
A
saga /ˈsɑːɡə/ (sagas)
1. N-COUNT A saga is a long story, account, or sequence of events. 长篇故事; 长篇记叙; 一长串事件 #...a 600 page saga about 18th century slavery. #…一个关于18世纪奴隶制的600页的长篇故事。
2. N-COUNT A saga is a long story composed in medieval times in Norway or Iceland. 萨迦 (中世纪挪威、冰岛的长篇传说) #...a Nordic saga of giants and trolls. #…一个关于巨人和巨怪的北欧萨迦。
3
Q
archaeologist
A
archaeologist /ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒɪst/ (archaeologists)
- 考古学家
4
Q
flint /flɪnt/
A
flint /flɪnt/ (flints)
1. N-UNCOUNT Flint is a very hard greyish-black stone that was used in former times for making tools. 燧石 #...a flint arrowhead. #...一个燧石箭头。 ##...eyes the colour of flint. ##...燧石色眼睛。
- N-COUNT A flint is a small piece of flint which can be struck with a piece of steel to produce sparks. 打火石
5
Q
anthropologist
A
anthropologist /ˌænθrəˈpɒlədʒɪst/ (anthropologists)
- 人类学家；人类学者
6
Q
rot /rɒt/ (rotting, rotted, rots)
A
rot /rɒt/ (rotting, rotted, rots)
1. V-T/V-I When food, wood, or another substance rots, or when something rots it, it becomes softer and is gradually destroyed. 腐烂 #If we don't unload it soon, the grain will start rotting in the silos. #如果我们不马上卸货，这些粮食在仓中将开始腐烂。
2. N-UNCOUNT If there is rot in something, especially something that is made of wood, parts of it have decayed and fallen apart. 腐朽 #Investigations had revealed extensive rot in the beams under the ground floor. #检测显示一楼下面的横梁已经有大面积的腐烂。
3. N-SING You can use the rot to refer to the way something gradually gets worse. For example, if you are talking about the time when the rot set in, you are talking about the time when a situation began to get steadily worse and worse. 逐步恶化 #In many schools, the rot is beginning to set in. Standards are falling all the time. #在许多学校，情况正在逐步恶化，水准在不断降低。
4. V-I If you say that someone is being left to rot in a particular place, especially in a prison, you mean that they are being left there and their physical and mental condition is being allowed to get worse and worse. 身心退化 #Most governments simply leave the long-term jobless to rot. #大多数政府只能任由长期失业者颓废下去。
- ABBREVIATION for rotation (of a mathematical function) (数学函数上的)循环
> e.g. rot away 腐烂
7
Q
ancestor
A
ancestor /ˈænsɛstə/ (ancestors)
1. N-COUNT Your ancestors are the people from whom you are descended. 祖先 [usu pl, with poss] #...our daily lives, so different from those of our ancestors. #…我们的日常生活，与我们祖先的生活如此不同。
2. N-COUNT An ancestor of something modern is an earlier thing from which it developed. 物种原型 #The direct ancestor of the modern cat was the Kaffir cat of ancient Egypt. #现代猫的直系物种原型是古代埃及的卡菲尔猫。
8
Q
read of
A
read of
> equal to read about
- 读到
9
Q
decay /dɪˈkeɪ/
A
decay /dɪˈkeɪ/ (decaying, decayed, decays)
1. V-I When something such as a dead body, a dead plant, or a tooth decays, it is gradually destroyed by a natural process. 腐坏 #The bodies buried in the fine ash slowly decayed. #埋在细灰里的尸体慢慢腐烂了。
- N-UNCOUNT Decay is also a noun. 腐坏
When not removed, plaque causes tooth decay and gum disease.
牙斑没有清除就会导致蛀牙和牙龈疾病。
3. decayed ADJ 腐坏的 #Even young children have teeth so decayed they need to be pulled. #连幼儿也有这么严重的龋齿，需要拔掉。
4. V-I If something such as a society, system, or institution decays, it gradually becomes weaker or its condition gets worse. (社会、制度或机构) 衰败 #In practice, the agency system has decayed. Most "agents" now sell only to themselves or their immediate family. #实际上，这种代理制已经衰退。现在，大多数“代理人”都只把产品卖给自己或亲近的家人。
5. N-UNCOUNT Decay is also a noun. 衰败 #There are problems of urban decay and gang violence. #存在都市衰败和黑帮暴力问题。
10
Q
Complete the following sentences:
Stone _______, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even _______________ have disappeared without trace.
A
Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.
11
Q
conjunction /kənˈdʒʌŋkʃən/
A
conjunction /kənˈdʒʌŋkʃən/ ( conjunctions )
1. N-COUNT A conjunction of two or more things is the occurrence of them at the same time or place. 同时发生; 同地发生 [正式] #...the conjunction of two events. #…两事件的同时发生。
- N-COUNT In grammar, a conjunction is a word or group of words that joins together words, groups, or clauses. In English, there are coordinating conjunctions such as “and” and “but,” and subordinating conjunctions such as “although,” “because,” and “when.” 连词
3. PHRASE If one thing is done in conjunction with another, the two things are done or used together. 与…一起 (做、用) [usu PHR 'with' n] #Textbooks are designed to be used in conjunction with classroom teaching. #教科书被设计成与课堂教学配合使用。
12
Q
pronoun /ˈprəʊˌnaʊn/
A
pronoun /ˈprəʊˌnaʊn/ (pronouns)
- N-COUNT A pronoun is a word that you use to refer to someone or something when you do not need to use a noun, often because the person or thing has been mentioned earlier. Examples are “it,” “she,” “something,” and “myself.” 代词
13
Q
italic /ɪˈtælɪk/
A
italic /ɪˈtælɪk/ (italics)
1. N-PLURAL Italics are letters that slope to the right. Italics are often used to emphasize a particular word or sentence. The examples in this dictionary are printed in italics. 斜体字 #The title is printed in italics. #标题被印成斜体。
2. ADJ Italic letters slope to the right. 斜体的 [ADJ n] #She addressed them by hand in her beautiful italic script. #她用她漂亮的斜体字亲笔给他们写信。
14
Q
wander /ˈwɒndə/
A
wander /ˈwɒndə/ (wandering, wandered, wanders)
1. V-T/V-I If you wander in a place, you walk around there in a casual way, often without intending to go in any particular direction. 漫步 #When he got bored he wandered around the fair. #烦闷时，他便在集市上四处闲逛。 ##They wandered off in the direction of the nearest shop. ##他们朝着最近那家店铺的方向闲逛去了。 ###People wandered the streets aimlessly. ###人们在街上漫无目的地闲逛。
- N-SING Wander is also a noun. 漫步
A wander around any market will reveal stalls piled high with vegetables.
在哪个市场上闲逛都会发现高高堆着蔬菜的摊子。
3. V-I If a person or animal wanders from a place where they are supposed to stay, they move away from the place without going in a particular direction. 走开 #Because Mother is afraid we'll get lost, we aren't allowed to wander far. #母亲因为害怕我们走丢了，不准我们走远。
4. V-I If your mind wanders or your thoughts wander, you stop concentrating on something and start thinking about other things. 心不在焉 #His mind would wander, and he would lose track of what he was doing. #他会心不在焉起来，忘了自己刚才正在干什么。
5. V-I If your eyes wander, you stop looking at one thing and start looking around at other things. (目光) 无目的地移动 #His eyes wandered restlessly around the room. #他的眼睛不停地打量着房间。
15
Q
remote /rɪˈməʊt/
A
remote /rɪˈməʊt/ (remoter, remotes, remotest)
1. ADJ Remote areas are far away from cities and places where most people live, and are therefore difficult to get to. 边远的; 偏僻的 #Landslides have cut off many villages in remote areas. #滑坡阻隔了许多边远地区的村子。
2. ADJ The remote past or remote future is a time that is many years distant from the present. 遥远的; 久远的 #Slabs of rock had slipped sideways in the remote past and formed this hole. #在遥远的过去，大块的岩石向旁边滑落，形成了这个洞。
3. ADJ If something is remote from a particular subject or area of experience, it is not relevant to it because it is very different. (关系) 疏远的 #This government depends on the wishes of a few who are remote from the people. #这个政府按照那几个疏远群众之人的愿望行事。
4. ADJ If you say that there is a remote possibility or chance that something will happen, you are emphasizing that there is only a very small chance that it will happen. 极小的; (可能性或机会) 微乎其微的 [强调] #I use sunscreen whenever there is even a remote possibility that I will be in the sun. #我无论什么时候都用防晒霜，哪怕是有一点点晒到太阳的可能。
5. ADJ If you describe someone as remote, you mean that they behave as if they do not want to be friendly or closely involved with other people. 与人疏远的; 孤傲的 #She looked so beautiful, and at the same time so remote. #她看上去如此漂亮，但同时又那么孤傲。
6. N-COUNT A remote is the same as a . 遥控器 #He flipped through the channels with the remote. #他用遥控器快速浏览了各个频道。
16
Q
rod /rɒd/
A
rod /rɒd/ (rods)
1. N-COUNT A rod is a long, thin, metal or wooden bar. 长杆; 长棒 #...a 15-foot thick roof that was reinforced with steel rods. #…用钢条加固了的15英尺厚的屋顶。
17
Q
phrase /freɪz/
A
phrase /freɪz/ (phrasing, phrased, phrases)
1. N-COUNT A phrase is a short group of words that people often use as a way of saying something. The meaning of a phrase is often not obvious from the meaning of the individual words in it. 惯用语; 警句 #He used a phrase I hate: "You have to be cruel to be kind." #他用了一句我讨厌的习语：“要想善良，就得残忍。”
2. N-COUNT A phrase is a small group of words that forms a unit, either on its own or within a sentence. 短语; 词组 #A writer spends many hours going over and over a scene—changing a phrase here, a word there. #作家花许多个小时反复润色一个场景—这儿改个短语，那儿改个单词。
3. V-T If you phrase something in a particular way, you express it in words in that way. 用言语表达 #I would have phrased it quite differently. #我则会用完全不同的话来表达它。 ##The speech was carefully phrased. ##这篇讲话措辞谨慎。
4. PHRASE If someone has a particular turn of phrase, they have a particular way of expressing themselves in words. 表述方式 #...Schwarzkopf's distinctive turn of phrase. #…施瓦茨科普夫与众不同的表述方式。
- to coin a phrase →see coin
18
Q
refer to
A
refer to
1. 参考；涉及；指的是；适用于 #Writers often refer to a dictionary. #作家时常参考字典。 ##Jim records his workout so that he can refer to it and think about how he should improve his workout the next day. ##吉姆纪录他的锻炼强度，使他可以作为参考，并思考接下来他该怎么提高自己的训练水平。
19
Q
hut /hʌt/
A
hut /hʌt/ (huts)
- N-COUNT A hut is a small house with only one or two rooms, especially one which is made of wood, mud, grass, or stones. (木头、泥、草或石头搭成的) 小屋
- N-COUNT A hut is a small wooden building in someone’s garden, or a temporary building used by builders or repair workers. () 木屋; (工人住的) 临时工棚 [英国英语]
20
Q
cub /kʌb/
A
cub /kʌb/ (cubs)
1. N-COUNT A cub is a young wild animal such as a lion, wolf, or bear. (狮子、狼、熊等的) 幼仔 #...three five-week-old lion cubs. #…3只5周大的幼狮。
> e.g. cub reporter 初出茅庐的新闻记者
21
Q
Complete the following sentences:
The only way that they can ________ their history is to ________ it as sagas — legends handed down from one generation of storytellers to another.
A
The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas — legends handed down from one generation of storytellers to another.
