Unit 0: The Story Of Psychology Flashcards
Neuroscience
Focus: how the body and brain enable emotions, memories and sensory experiences
Evolutionary
Focus: How the natural selection of traits promotes the perpetuation of one’s genes
Behavioral genetics
Focus: how much our genes and our environment influence our individual differences
Psychodynamic
Focus: how behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts
Behavioral
Focus: how we learn observable responses
Cognitive
Focus: how we encode, process, store, and retrieve information
Social-cultural
Focus: how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures
Humanistic
Positive
Becoming the best you could possibly be
Biological psychologist
Exploring links between mind and brain
Developmental psychologist
Studying our changing abilities
Cogonitive psychologist
Experimenting with how we perceive, think and solve problems
Personality psychologist
Investigating out persistent traits
Social psychologist
Exploring how we view and affect one another
Counseling psychologist
Improve our social functioning by helping us cope
Clinical psychologist
Treat mental and behavioral disorders
Industrial/organizational psychologist
Use methods in the workplace to help organizations and companies select and train employees boost morale and productivity
Wilhelm Wundt
Founded psychology
Founded structuralism
William James
Founded fuctionalism
Structuralism
Uses introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind
Relied on introspection
Functionalism
Focuses on how mental and behavioral processes function
Based on natural selection
The two disciplines psychology developed from
Philosophy and biology
Ivan Pavlov
Learning and behavior
Sigmund Freud
Theory of personality and psychoanalysis
“Things in your past affect who you are today”
Jean Piaget
Child development
John B. Watson
Behaviorism
Baby Albert
Fear is learned
B.F. Skinner
Behaviorism
Environment determines behavior
Positives repeated
Negatives not
Behaviorism
Based on observable behavioral responses
Nature-nurture debate
Debates if our traits and the way we behave come with experience or if these come with the brain
Biological influences
Come from natural process of your body and nature
Ex. genetic mutations, genes responding to enviroment
Psychological influences
Come from your mind, what you think and how you see things
Ex. learned fears, emotional responses
Social-cultural influences
Come from the people/ groups around you
Ex. compelling models, presence of others
Psychology
The scientific study of behavior and mental processes
