Unit 0 Flashcards
what age…
when and where did confucianism and daoism originate?
The Age of Warring States (500-211 BCE)/far eastern end of Eurasian continent
it’s in the name…
who founded confucianism?
confucius
who founded daoism?
laozi
what is the key text in confucianism?
the analects
what is the key text in daoism?
tao te ching/dao de jing
relationships…
what are the basic beliefs of confucianism?
based on moral behavior, unequal relationships - using education to nurture these ideals. this became seamlessly intertwined within the chinese elite society/politics.
the fifth is equal…
what are the four unequal relationships?
father and son; husband and wife; older brother and younger brother; ruler and subject
where did confucianism spread by the end of 1200 CE?
mostly in east asia; china, korea, japan, and vietnam
what is neoconfucianism?
the revival of confucian philosphy and the poltical aspects and changes that came with it
what is the civil service exam and its relation to confucianism?
way to ensure that poltical candidates reached that moral philosophical standards of confucianism
when and where did hinduism originate?
between 2300 B.C. and 1500 B.C. in the Indus River Valley in the Indian sub-continent
what deities did hinduism follow?
they were very polytheistic and had gods and goddess that took up many different forms. however, brahmin became a very looked up to figure in the later ages.
who founded hinduism?
no one person found hinduism
what were the key texts of hinduism?
upanishads held the beliefs of Brahman
who is Brahman and its followers?
brahman is the world soul. it is the divine reality that is above all gods as it ties everything in the world together. its followers are a preistly caste called the brahmins.
what are the basic beliefs of hinduism?
The fundamental ground to Hinduism is the idea that a human being is meant to unify themselves with Brahman. They also believe in reincarnation into a higher social position or caste, dedicating their lives to ensure that they reach this position.
where did hinduism spread to by the end of 1200 CE?
throughout the majority of south and southeast asia
how did buddhism spread?
through trade routes of central asia to china, japan, and southeast asia
what was the role of the caste system in south asian society?
The caste system was seen as a spiritual aspect to Hinduism. You can climb the ranks in rebirth if you continue to commit to good deeds in your life.
when and where did buddhism originate?
in the north-eastern region of india around fifth century BCE
who is siddhartha gautama?
the founder of buddhism. he was a prince who began the journey of enlightenment and went on to teach his findings.
what key texts does buddhism endorse?
the eightfold path, the tibetan book of the dead
what are the basic beliefs of buddhism?
Living a life that is free from egotistic views is one to work for. Experiencing hardships and flaws is simply the foundation to life and to strive for a moral and modest lifestyle. When following the eightfold path, one is working towards spiritual enlightenment and be free of all worldly unnecessary suffering.
where did buddhism expand to by the end of 1200 CE
Central Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia
