Unit 0

Question 1

4 Subsystems of Speech

Answer 1

Velopharyngeal-nasal
Pharyngeal-oral
Laryngeal
Respiratory

Question 2

Velopharyngeal-nasal

Answer 2

Nasal passages
Upper pharynx
Velum

Question 3

Pharyngeal-oral

Answer 3

Oral cavity
Middle pharynx
Lower pharynx

Question 4

Laryngeal

Answer 4

Hyoid bone
Epiglottis
Laryngeal cartilages

Question 5

Respiratory

Answer 5

Pulmonary airway
Lungs
Rib cage
Diaphragm
Abdominal wall
Abdominal contents

Question 6

3 Subsystems of Speech

Answer 6

Outer ear
Middle ear
Inner ear

Question 7

Outer ear

Answer 7

Pinna

External auditory meatus

Question 8

Middle ear

Answer 8

Tympanic membrane

Ossicles

Question 9

Inner ear

Answer 9

Cochlea
Semicircular canals
Auditory nerve
Auditory cortex

Question 10

Anterior

Answer 10

Toward the front of the body

Question 11

Posterior

Answer 11

Toward the back of the body

Question 12

Superior

Answer 12

Toward the head

Question 13

Inferior

Answer 13

Away from the head

Question 14

Medial

Answer 14

Toward the midline

Question 15

Lateral

Answer 15

Away from the midline

Question 16

Proximal

Answer 16

Toward the body

Question 17

Distal

Answer 17

Away from the body

Question 18

External

Answer 18

Toward the outside of the body

Question 19

Internal

Answer 19

Away from the outside of the body

Question 20

Ipsilateral

Answer 20

Same side of the body

Question 21

Contralateral

Answer 21

Opposite side of the body

Question 22

Sagittal

Answer 22

Dives the body into right and left parts

Question 23

Midsagittal

Answer 23

Dives the body into equal right and left parts

Question 24

Parasagittal

Answer 24

Divides the body into unequal right and left parts

Question 25

Coronal

Answer 25

Divides the body into front and back parts

Question 26

Transverse/Horizontal

Answer 26

Divides the body into upper and lower parts

Question 27

Epithelial tissue

Answer 27

Layers of cells that cover the surfaces of the body

Question 28

Connective tissue

Answer 28

Layers of cells that connect structures of the body

Question 29

Connective tissue proper

Answer 29

Tendons Aponeuroses Ligaments

Question 30

Tendons

Answer 30

Thick collagen fibers that attach muscle to bone

Question 31

Aponeuroses

Answer 31

Wide, flat collage fibers that attach muscle to bone

Question 32

Ligaments

Answer 32

Thick collagen fibers that attach either bone to cartilage or bone to bone

Question 33

Supportive connective tissue

Answer 33

Cartilage | Bone

Question 34

Cartilage

Answer 34

Layers of cells that are firm but flexible

Question 35

Bone

Answer 35

Layers of cells that are hard and NOT flexible

Question 36

Muscle tissue

Answer 36

Layers of cells that move or hold the structures of the body

Question 37

Skeletal muscle

Answer 37

Voluntary controlled muscle fibers that move or support the skeleton

Question 38

Fascicles

Answer 38

Groups of parallel muscle fibers help together with connective tissue

Question 39

2 anatomical structures of a motor unit

Answer 39

Peripheral nerve | Fascicles

Question 40

Process of muscle activation

Answer 40

1. The brain sends a signal to the peripheral nerve 2. The peripheral nerve sends a signal to muscle 3. Muscle fibers are activated resulting in muscle contraction

Question 41

3 types of muscle contractions

Answer 41

Concentric Isometric Eccentric

Question 42

Concentric contraction

Answer 42

Muscle fiber activation resulting in the shortening of muscles

Question 43

Isometric contraction

Answer 43

Muscle fiber activation resulting in static muscle length

Question 44

Eccentric contraction

Answer 44

Muscle fiber activation resulting in the lengthening of muscles

Question 45

Compression

Answer 45

Air molecules increase in density

Question 46

Rarefaction

Answer 46

Air molecules decrease in density

Question 47

8 stages of spoken communication

Answer 47

``` Neural Muscular Structural Aeromechanical Acoustic Auditory mechanical Sensory Neuroperceptual ```

Question 48

Neural

Answer 48

The process and planning of speech, thoughts, etc.

Question 49

Muscular

Answer 49

Muscle activation

Question 50

Structural

Answer 50

Visible muscle movements of speech structures

Question 51

Aeromechanical

Answer 51

Change in air pressure (in and out), provides the power for the next stage

Question 52

Acoustic

Answer 52

Pressure waves start to form and move

Question 53

Auditory mechanical

Answer 53

Spoken pressure waves travel into the ear of the listener and transition into the middle ear

Question 54

Sensory

Answer 54

Pressure waves transition into hydraulic waves, bending the hair cells in the inner ear and creating electrical signals. The inner ear then transmits the electrical signals to the brain

Question 55

Neuroperceptual

Answer 55

Brain receives the electrical signals and assigns meaning to them (decodes them)