Unionism and Cooperation 2 Flashcards
What were the Sheffield Outrages and when did they occur?
A series of violent actions in 1866 undertaken by the Saw Grinders Union to stop employers undercutting their work
Why did Britain’s position as ‘the workshop of the world’ create the conditions for an expansion in New Model Unionism?
Growth of technical industries that needed skilled labour coupled with ‘victorian values’ of respectability and less violent action gave ASE and ASCJ more leverage with government and the public.
Why did the Liberal Party support the New Model Unions?
Because they could tap into their large support base for their own ends/political power.
Why was New Model Unionism not a success for working-class unity?
Because it divided skilled and unskilled workers.
Which organisation was founded in 1868 to act as a central body for trades unions in Britain?
Trades Union Congress
Where was Robert Owen’s model factory?
New Lanark, Scotland
What did Robert Owen use for the first time in 1794?
Sea Island Cotton
What famous ‘ism’ did Owen first use to describe his belief system?
Utopian Socialism
Who visited Owen’s model town in 1816?
(future) Nicholas I of Russia
Name 3 practical steps Owen took to improve the lives of his workers?
education, reduced hours of work, cooperative shop, housing, temperance, fines, infant school, expanded curriculum, productivity features, no punishments.
What act of parliament did Owen contribute to?
1819 Factory Act
What did Owen set up at Gray’s Inn Road, London for the benefit of workers?
A labour exchange
What did the London Co-operative Society, started by Owen in 1824 aim to do?
Sold goods at fair prices and shared profits with members.
What % of the population was in a Friendly Society by 1803?
8%
How did friendly societies mirror social attitudes by the mid 1800s?
Victorian ‘self-help’ ideas
