Unidad 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Tiene acción sobre las superficies y los objetos inanimados

A

Desinfectante

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2
Q

Tiene acción sobre el tejido vivo

A

Antiséptico

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3
Q

Término ocupado para el rango de actividad de un antimicrobiano

A

Espectro antibacteriano

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4
Q

Diferencia entre bacteriostático y bactericida

A
  • Bacteriostático: inhibe
  • Bactericida: mata
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5
Q

CIM

A

Concentración más baja para inhibir

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6
Q

CMB

A

Concentración más baja para matar (99.9%)

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7
Q

Se complementan teniendo una mayor
actividad bactericida

A

sinergismo

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8
Q

no son buenos juntos, interfiere con la
actividad del otro

A

Antagonismo

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9
Q

Inactiva el antibiótico

A

β-lactamasa

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10
Q

Mecanismos de acción de antibióticos

A
  • Inhibición de la síntesis de la pared celular
  • Inhibición de la síntesis de proteínas
  • Inhibición de la síntesis de ácidos nucleicos
  • Anti-metabolismo
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11
Q

Antibióticos que disrumpen la pared celular

A
  • Penicilina
  • β-lactamasa
  • Vancomicina
  • Bacitracinas
  • Cefalosporinas
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12
Q

Antimetabolitos

A
  • Sulfonamidas
  • Dapsina
  • Trimetoprima
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13
Q

Antibióticos que inhiben proteínas:

A
  • Aminoglucósidos
  • Tetraciclinas
  • Oxazolidinona
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14
Q

Antibióticos que inhiben la síntesis de ácidos nucleicos:

A
  • Quinolonas (DNA)
  • Metronidazol (DNA)
  • Rifampicina (RNA)
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