Unicellular organism Flashcards
What is a unicellular organism
A living thing/organism with only a single cell
How are unicellular organisms beneficial to humans
They play an important role in recycling nutrients by break down dead plants and animal material and release usable nutrients and carbon dioxide back into the enviourment
How do unicellular organisms move
They use Cilia, flagellum, or pseudopods
Where do Amoeba lives
Salt and fresh water, damp and wet areas, in any organism including humans
What do they eat
Dead plants, animal matter, algae, bacteria, other protozoans
How do they exchange gases and handle water conditions
They exchange gases through their cell membrane. They handle water conditions by an organelle called the contractile vacuole that constantly expels the water out of the cell.
How do they eats
They force their cytoplasm into points called pseudopods and the food moves into the pseudopods and turns into a vesicle and then the food is digested
what is the term Phagocytosis
The cells eating with their cytoplasm
What is the term Pinocytosis
The cell drinking using its cytoplasm
How do diffusion and osmosis limit the size of cells?
Osmosis is the diffusion of water from low concentration to high concentration
What is the difference between broad and narrow spectrum antibiotics
Narrow= the doctor knows exactly what type of bacteria you have so they give you antibiotic just for that kind of bacteria Broad= the doctors are unsure exactly what type of bacteria it is so they give you an antibiotic that kills different kinds of bacteria
How are they both useful in treating a bacterial diseases
They will both eventually get rid of the bacteria they are just two different ways to get rid of it
Advantages and disadvantages of both types of antibiotics
NARROW
Advantages: specific, smaller variety, less urgent
Disadvantages: you have to be 100% sure what type of bacteria you have, takes longer to kill the bacteria
BROAD
Advantages: non-specific, works faster, more urgent, eat with food
Disadvantages: Kills all bacteria even good ones
Why should you take antibiotics with food
It reduces stomach irritation
Why do you have to finish all of the antibiotics you were given and not just stop when you feel better
Some bad bacteria is still there so it will reproduce and relapse on your bacterial infection
Why can’t antibiotics treat viruses
viruses do not have a cell wall instead they have a special protein coat so the antibiotics don’t affect it the same it does to bacteria
Is a virus living or no-living
Non living because they cannot grow, reproduce on their own, don’t need food, can’t move on their own, doesn’t exchange gases
What is the term lytic cycle
Quick kill, attaches or goes into a cell and makes lots of copy’s of itself until eventually the cell breaks and the copy’s go into other cells and make more copy’s and that continues
What is the term lysogenic cycle
Not quick kill, injects its DNA into a cell so when the cell reproduces the new cell had some of the virus DNA and each cell that reproduces after that also has the virus DNA in it
How can we use viruses for good
Some can help kill cancer cells, help to treat some genetic diseases, or to serve as vaccine or vaccine delivery agents
What is gene therapy
A mutation happens is someone genes which alters there gene expression and to fix this a retrovirus makes a DNA transcript of its RNA genome and inserts it into a host cell for replication
Why isn’t there a one-time flu shot
A persons immune protection from vaccinations decline over time so it wouldn’t last for a persons whole lifetime
What is a vaccine ands how do they help us
A way to expose your body to a type of pathogen that is weakened or inactive so if you come across the active/real pathogen your body will know how to fight it off quicker. They help us by getting rid of the pathogen
What is the term vulnerable population
When certain people can’t get the vaccine because they may have an illness, they are a baby and are to young, pregnant
