Understanding Transcu Flashcards
It is influenced in part by his clutural background.
PATIENT’S BEHAVIOR
Certain attributes and attitudes are associated with particular cultural,
NOT ALL PEOPLE FROM THE SAME CULTURAL BACKGROUND SHARE THE SAME BEHAVIORS AND VIEWS
When caring for a patient from a culture from your own, you need to …
Be aware of and respect his cultural preferences and beliefs
When caring for a patient from a culture from your own, you need to be aware of and respect his cultural preferences and beliefs ; otherwise,
he may consider you insensitive and indifferent, possibly even incompetent
The best way to do this is to view each patient as an individual and to find out his cultural preferences:
A. Space and distance
B. Eye contact
C. Time and punctuality
D. Touch
E. Communication
F. Holidays
G. Diet
H. Biologic variations
I. Environmental variations
It is also a culturally determined behavior. Although most nurses are taught to maintain eye contact when speaking with patients, people from some cultural backgrounds may prefer you don’t.
EYE CONTACT
They may stare at the floor during conversations. That’s a cultural behavior conveying respect, and it shows that he’s paying close attention to you
AMERICAN INDIAN
They may maintain downcast eyes in deference to someone’s age, sex, social position, economic status, or position of authority.
HISPANIC PATIENT
Attitudes about time vary widely among cultures and can be a barrier to effective communication between nurses and patients. Concepts of time and punctuality are culturally determined, as is the concept of waiting.
TIME AND PUNCTUALITY
They measure the passing and duration of time using clocks and watches. For most health care providers in our culture, time and promptness are extremely important.
U.S Culture
The meaning people associate with touching is culturally determined to a great degree.
TOUCHINNG
People tend to regard the space immediately around them as an extension of themselves. The amount of space they prefer between themselves and others to feel comfortable is a culturally determined phenomenon.
SPACE AND DISTANCE
male health care providers may be prohibited from touching or examining certain parts of the female body; similarly, females may be prohibited from caring for males.
HISPANIC AND ARAB CULTURES
The meaning people associate with touching is culturally determined to a great degree.
TOUCH
Always consider a patient’s culturally defined sense of modesty when giving nursing care.
TOUCH
Jewish and Islamic women believe that modesty requires covering their head, arms, and legs with clothing. Respect their tradition and help them remain covered while in your care.
TOUCH
In some aspects of care, the perspectives of health care providers, patients, and families may be in conflict. One example is the issue of informed consent and full disclosure.
COMMUNICATION
For example, you may feel that each patient has the right to full disclosure about his disease and prognosis and advocate that he be informed. But his family, coming from another culture may believe they’re responsible for protecting and sparing him from knowledge about a serious illness.
COMMUNICATION
People from all cultures celebrate civil and religious holidays. Get familiar with major holidays for the cultural groups your facility serves. You can find out more about various celebrations from religious organizations, hospital chaplains, and patients themselves.
HOLIDAYS
The cultural meanings associated with food vary widely.
DIET
For example, sharing meals may be associated with solidifying social or business ties, celebrating life events, expressing appreciation, recognizing accomplishment, expressing wealth or social status, and validating social, cultural, or religious ceremonial functions.
DIET
Culture determines which foods are served and when, the number and frequency of meals, who eats with whom, and who gets the choicest portions
DIET
Culture also determines how foods are prepared and served, how they’re eaten (with chopsticks, fingers, or forks), and where people shop for their favorite food.
DIET
Religious pratices may include
- Fasting
- Abstaining from selected foods at particular times
- Avoid certain medications
All meats, Animal shortenings
Hinduism
Pork Alcoholic products and beverages Animal shortenings Gelatin made with pork, marshmallow, and other confections made with gelatin
Islam
Pork Certain seafood, including shellfish
Seventh-Day Adventism
Pork Shellfish and scavenger fish (shrimp, crab, lobster). Fish with fins and scales are permissible. Mixing milk and meat dishes at same meal Blood by ingestion (blood sausage, raw meat); blood by transfusion is acceptable.
Judaism
Alcohol,Tobacco
Mormonism
Along with psychosocial adaptations, you also need to consider culture’s physiologic impact on how patients respond to treatment, particularly medications. Data have been collected for many years regarding different effects some medications have on persons of diverse ethnic or cultural origins.
BIOLOGICAL VARIATIONS
Culturally competent medication administration requires you to consider ethnicity and related factors—including values and beliefs about herbal supplements, dietary intake, and genetic factors that can affect how effective a treatment is and how well patients adhere to the treatment plan.
BIOLOGICAL VARIATIONS
Various cultural groups have wide-ranging beliefs about man’s relationship with the environment. A patient’s attitude toward his treatment and prognosis is influenced by whether he generally believes that man has some control over events or whether he’s more fatalistic and believes that chance and luck determine what will happen.
ENVIRONMENTAL VARIATIONS
They tend to be more fatalistic about nature, health, and death, feeling that they can’t control these things. Patients who believe that they can’t do much to improve their health through their actions may need more teaching and reinforcement about how diet and medications can affect their health.
ENVIRONMENTALVARIATIONS (HISPANIC PATIENTS)
