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UTS by Ginia > Understanding the Self > Flashcards

Understanding the Self Flashcards

1
Q

A way of thinking about certain subjects such as ethics, thought, existence, time, meaning and value.
* Deals with the problems of knowledge

A

PHILOSOPHY

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2
Q

“COGITO ERGO SUM” - I think, therefore I am

A

DESCARTES

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3
Q

5 PHILOSOPHERS

A
  • Socrates
  • Plato
  • Aristotle
  • St. Augustine
  • Descartes
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4
Q

“Know thyself”

A

SOCRATES

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5
Q

Knowing others is ______. Knowing the self is ______.

A

WISDOM. ENLIGHTENMENT.

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6
Q

Mastering others requires _______.

Mastering the self requires _______.

A

FORCE.

STRENGTH.

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7
Q

Knowledge of oneself can be achieved only through _______

A

SOCRATIC METHOD

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8
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

- Socrates is viewed by many as tye founding figure of Eastern Philosophy

A

FALSE - WESTERN PHILOSOPHY

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9
Q

A method in which it is not conveying knowledge. Rather, asking questions after clarifying question until his students arrived at their own understanding.

A

SOCRATIC METHOD

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10
Q

Plato is a dualist; there is both

_______ (soul) and ________. And it is the soul that knows the forms

A 
Immaterial body (soul)
Material body
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11
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Aristotle believed that the soul exist before birth and after death

A

FALSE. PLATO not ARISTOTLE

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12
Q

According to Plato, soul (mind) is divided into 3 parts
1.
2.
3.

A
  1. Reason
  2. Appetite (physical urge)
  3. Will (emotions)
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13
Q

Aristitle defined the soul as _______

A

The core essence of a living being

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14
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
Aristotle did not consider the soul as some kind of separate, ghostly occupant of the body. Example, if a knife had a soul, the act of cutting would be that soul because “cutting” is the essence of what it is to be a knife.

A

TRUE

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15
Q

Aristotle used his concept of the soul in many of his works like: the ______

A

DE ANIMA (On the Soul)

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16
Q

According to St. Augustine, identity is achieved through a two fold process:
1.
2.

A
  1. Self presentation

2. Self realization

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17
Q

It is the study of human social relationships and institutions.

A

SOCIOLOGY

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18
Q

His theory is about “mind, self and society”

A

George Herbert Mead

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19
Q

It is important to Mead about his social theory because this occurs within a communicative process.

A

ACTION

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20
Q

In sociology, ______ is a relatively stable set of perceptions of who we are in relation to ourselves, others and to social systems.

A

SELF

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21
Q

Give 3 names of sociologist:
1.
2.
3.

A
  1. George Herbert Mead
  2. Irving Goffman
  3. Charles Horton Cooley
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22
Q

He was the 73rd president of the American Sociological Association and his best known contributions to social theory is the study of _______.

A

Irving Goffman.

Symbolic interaction

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23
Q

5 major works of Irving Goffman:

A
  1. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life (1956)
  2. Asylum (1961)
  3. Stigma (1963)
  4. Interaction Ritual (1967)
  5. Forms of Talk (1981)
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24
Q

His theory is the “looking glass self”

A

Charles Horton Cooley

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25
Q

Cooley wrote that people’s ideas of themselves have 3 principal elements:

A
  1. Imagination of our appearance to the other person
  2. Imagination of his judgment of that appearance
  3. Self-feeling, such as pride or mortification
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26
Q

3 Activities that develop the self:

A
  1. Language
  2. Play
  3. Game
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27
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Mead develops William James’ distinction between the “I” and the “ME”

A

TRUE

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28
Q

It is more subjective and psychological phenomenon, referring to individuals’ felection about themselves. This is the accumulated understanding of “the generalized other”; it is the self as the object; it is the “known”

A

ME SELF

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29
Q

This reflects what people see or perceive themselves doing in the physical world. This is the individuals impulses; it is the self as subject and it is the “knower”

A

I SELF

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30
Q

“Antropos” means ______

“Logos” means _____

A

HUMAN

STUDY

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31
Q

It is a study of the origins of humans, how we changes over the years, and how we relate to each orger, both within our own culture and with other people’s culture as as well.

A

ANTHROPOLOGY

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32
Q

Different aspects of the human experience is called ______

A

Holism

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33
Q

Anthropologists have employed the term “identity (self” to refer to this idea of selfhood in a loosely ___________ which is the uniqueness and individuality that makes a person distinct from others.

A

ERIKSONIAN WAY (Erikson 1972)

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34
Q

It is a complex whole. It consists of knowledge, beliefs, ideas, habuts, attitudes, skills, abilities, values, norms, arts, laws etc. and other capabilities of a man.

A

CULTURE

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35
Q

It is what we called the blackhole; when we are not filling ourselves with live through our spirituak connection, its like a vacuum trying to pull love from others.

A

SELF-ABANDONMENT

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36
Q

It brings us into contact with different ways of life and challenges our awareness of just how arbitrary our own understanding of the world…

A

CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY

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37
Q

This guides or models of behavior which tells us what is appropriate or not appropriate.

A

NORMS

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38
Q

Everyday habits, customs, traditions, and conventions. Example, saying “po or opo”

A

FOLKWAYS

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39
Q

Are special customs with moral and ethical significance.

40
Q

Give examples of negative mores

A
  • abortion
  • premarital sex
  • same sex marriage
41
Q

Examples of positive mores:

A
  • tagasalo duties of panganay

- the mother as the nurturer in the family

42
Q

A formalized norms enacted by people vested with legitimate authority.

43
Q

IMPACTS OF THE CONCEPT OF CULTURE ON THE CONCEPT OF MAN BASIC PREMISES:

A
  1. Marriage, economy, religion
  2. What makes people/culture not the same
  3. Culture is the “accumulated totality”
  4. What man is capable of and how he actually behaves
44
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

- Majority of our language came from Chinese words

45
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

- Fiesta, music, dresses, hairstyle and dance are part of Anthropology

46
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Bayanuhan is part of Indonesian culture

A

FALSE; FILIPINO CULTURE

47
Q

It is the study of scientific behavior and mental processes. It seeks to describe, explain, predict and control behavior and mental processes of an individual.

A

PSYCHOLOGY

48
Q

A philosopher and psychologist who first postulate a THEORY OF THE SELF in THE PRINCIPLES OF PSYCHOLOGY

A

William James

49
Q

2 aspects of the self:

A
  1. I SELF

2. ME SELF

50
Q

3 components of Me Self:

A
  1. The material self
  2. The social self
  3. The spiritual self
51
Q

This is who we actually are. It is about how we think, feel, look and act.

52
Q

This is how we want to be. We developed this over time based on what we have learned and experience.

A

IDEAL SELF

53
Q

Examples of I Self that people see and perceived given by William James

A
  1. Walking
  2. Eating
  3. Writing
54
Q

People who like to learn new things and enjoy new experiences.

55
Q

They are reliable and prompt. Traits include organized, methodic, and thourough.

A

CONSCIENTIOUSNESS

56
Q

They get their energy from interacting with others, while introverts get their energy from themselves. Traits: energetic, talkative and assertive.

A

EXTRAVERSION

57
Q

They are friendlt, cooperative and compassionate. People who are low with this are more distant.

A

AGREEABLENESS

58
Q

Also sometimes called Emotional Stability. It relates to one’s emotional stability and degree of negative emotions. Traits include: moody and tense

A

NEUROTICISM

59
Q

According to Bandura’s Socio Cognitive view or personality,

He viewed people as ______ or originator of experience

60
Q

According to Bandura’s Socio Cognitive view or personality,
It is the ability to act and make things in reality; “the human capability to exert influence over one’s functioning and the course of events by one’s actions.”

A

HUMAN AGENCY

61
Q

These are the parents who are strict and warm; they demand mature behavior but use reason rather than force.

A

AUTHORITATIVE PARENTS

62
Q

Parents who are rigid in their rules and who demand obedience for the sake of obedience.

A

AUTHORITARIAN PARENTS

63
Q

Parents who impose few. If any, and who do not supervise their children closely.

A

PERMISSIVE PARENTS

64
Q

Parents who generally leave their children to themselves.

A

INVOLVED PARENTS

65
Q

He proposed social learning theory which emphasizes the importance of observing, modelling and imitating the behaviors, attitudes and emotional reactions of others.

A

ALBERT BANDURA

66
Q

4 CORE PROPERTIES OF HUMAN AGENCY

A
  1. Intentionality
  2. Forethought
  3. Self Reactiveness
  4. Self Reflection
67
Q

Deals with the forming of intentions thet include “action plans and strategies for realizing them”

A

Intentionality

68
Q

Involves the “temporal extension of agency” by setting goals and anticipating future events.

A

Forethought

69
Q

Broadens the role of the agent to be more than just “planners and fore-thinkers” and includes process of self-management and self motivation, as well as emotional states.

A

Self-Reactiveness

70
Q

Refers to self-examinung nature of human agents. Through self awareness, the reflect on their personal efficacy…

A

Self-reflection

71
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Independence and self-reliance are greatly stressed and valued.

72
Q

It describes the manner in which a thing is identified as distinguished from other things.

A

PRINCIPLE OF INDIVIDUATION or

PRINCIPIUM INDIVIDUATIONIS

73
Q

He is the founder of Analytical Psychology, Theory of Collective Unconscious.

A

Carl Gustav Jung

74
Q

This is brought into consciousness (by means of dreams, active imagination or free association) to be assimilated into the whole personality.

A

Collective unconscious

75
Q

He developed a theory of individual and collective individuation in which the individual subject is considered as an effect of individuation rather than a cause.

A

Gilbert Simond

76
Q

A connections of oneself to experiences in the physical environment

A

Ecological self

77
Q

Connections of oneself to others through verbal or nonverbal communication, comprise direct perception of experience

A

Interpersonal self

78
Q

According to Neisser, these are the 2 types of self-representation develop eary in infancy

A
  1. Ecological self

2. Interpersonal self

79
Q

Accdg. To Neisser these are the 3 types of self-representation thet emerge in LATER INFANCY AND CHILDHOOD

A
  1. Extended self
  2. Private self
  3. Conceptual self
80
Q

Parallel terms of “conceptual self”

A

Self-concept or Self-schema

81
Q

Type of self representation in which it is based on memories of one’s past experiences and expectations for the future.

A

Extended self

82
Q

Type of self representation in which it emerges with the understanding that one’s experiences are not directly perceived by others, but rather must be communicated to he shared.

A

Private self

83
Q

Type of self representation in which, one’s overarching theory or schema about oneself based on one’s reflection on experience…

A

Conceptual self

84
Q

In 1977, a psychologist named ________ showed that one’s self representation or self schema guides information processing and influences one’s behavior.

A

Hazel Markus

85
Q

It is an understanding you have of yourself that’s based on your personal experiences, body image, the thoughts you have about yourself, and how you tend to label yourself in different situations.

A

Self-conceptualization

86
Q

A value that is characterized by emphasis on cohesiveness among individuals and prioritization of the group over the self.

A

Collectivism

87
Q

Arguments of Confucius:

4 beginnings, if put in western framework of thinking, may be called ‘pre-self’ or ‘potential self’

A

A. Heart of compassion - leads to Jen
B. Heart of righteousness - leads to Yi
C. Heart of propriety - leads to Li
D. Heart of wisdom - leads to Chih

88
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Individualist is typically reflect Eastern ideas

A

FALSE; WESTERN IDEAS

89
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Collectivist is typically reflect Eastern ideas

90
Q

Characteristics of an Individualist

A
  • Independent
  • Self reliant
  • Achievement oriented
  • Competitive
  • Self assured
91
Q

Characteristics of Collectivist

A
  • Socially interdependent
  • Connected
  • Self sacrificing
  • Cooperative
  • Obedient
  • Sensitive
92
Q

Individualism or Collectivism

I often do my “own thing”

A

Individualism

93
Q

Individualism or Collectivism

When I succeed, it is usually because of my abilities

A

Individualism

94
Q

Individualism or Collectivism

If a coworker gets a prize, I would be proud

A

Collectivism

95
Q

Individualism or Collectivism

If a relative were in financial difficulty, I would help within my means

A

Collectivism

96
Q

Individualism or Collectivism

One should live one’s life independent of others

A

Individualism

UTS by Ginia (1 decks)

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