Understanding Network Services

Question 1

Some servers will be dedicated to a specific task, such as hosting websites, and they are called ____servers.

Answer 1

dedicated

Question 2

____ servers may perform multiple tasks, such as hosting a website and serving as the administrator’s daily workstation.

Answer 2

nondedicated

Question 3

____ is a network separated from the internal network by a firewall but also protected from the Internet by a firewall. Figure 8.1 shows an example.

Answer 3

demilitarized zone (DMZ),

Question 4

A DMZ is managed by what is called a ____ which is called that because it has three network interfaces.

Answer 4

three-pronged firewall,

Question 5

Two of the most common web platforms are the open-source ____ and Microsoft’s ____

Answer 5

Apache

Internet Information Services (IIS)

Question 6

A ____ server provides a central repository for users to store, manage, and access files on the network.

Answer 6

file

Question 7

Networks can also use ___ devices, which are stand-alone units that contain hard drives, come with their own file management software, and connect directly to the network.

Answer 7

network attached storage (NAS) `

Question 8

In an ___ setup, the client provides and manages the software.

Answer 8

IaaS

Infrastructure as a service

Question 9

The ability for users to get the data they want, when they want, and how they want, is sometimes referred to as ____ access.

Answer 9

ubiquitous

Question 10

In most cases, clients can get more resources instantly (or at least very quickly), and that is called ___

Answer 10

rapid elasticity.

Question 11

In most cases, clients can get more resources instantly (or at least very quickly), and that is called ___

Answer 11

rapid elasticity.

Question 12

Most cloud storage providers offer ____, which makes it so that you have a folder on your computer, just as if it were on your hard drive.

Answer 12

synchronization to the desktop

Question 13

Cloud-based apps run through your ___.

Answer 13

web browser

Question 14

The key enabler for virtualization is a piece of software called the hypervisor, also known as a ____

Answer 14

virtual machine manager (VMM).

Question 15

There are two types of hypervisors: ___ and ___.

Answer 15

Type 1 and Type 2

Question 16

A Type 1 hypervisor sits directly on the hardware, and because of this, it’s sometimes referred to as a ___.

Answer 16

bare metal hypervisor.

Question 17

A Type 2 hypervisor sits on top of an existing operating system, called the ___ .

Answer 17

host OS

Question 18

A Type 2 hypervisor sits on top of an existing operating system, called the host OS. This is most commonly used in ___ , where multiple OSs are managed on the client machine as opposed to on a server.

Answer 18

client-side virtualization

Question 19

Some hypervisors require that the CPU be specifically designed to support virtualization. For Intel chips, this technology is called ____, and AMD chips need to support ___.

Answer 19

virtualization technology (VT)

AMD-V

Question 20

The virtual desktop is often called a ___

Answer 20

virtual desktop interface (VDI)

Question 21

Virtual machines are created to exist and function just like a physical machine. Because of that, all of the requirements that a physical machine would have need to be replicated by the hypervisor, and that process is called ___.

Answer 21

emulation

Question 22

Examples of Type 1 hypervisors include Microsoft Hyper-V, ___ and ___.

Answer 22

VMware ESX, and Citrix XenServer.

Question 23

The highest level of cloud computing is ____ , where the provider supplies the infrastructure and applications.

Answer 23

software as a service (SaaS)

Question 24

Each DNS server has a database, called a ___ file, which maintains records of hostname to IP address mapping.

Answer 24

zone

Question 25

There are ___ global root servers.

Answer 25

13

Question 26

DNS servers for intranet use can be located inside all of the network firewalls. If it’s being used for Internet name resolution, it’s most effective to place it in the DMZ. DNS uses UDP or TCP port ___.

Answer 26

53

Question 27

A ___ server makes requests for resources on behalf of a client.

Answer 27

proxy

Question 28

What are the 3 benefits from using a proxy?

Answer 28

1. Can cache previous websites (potentially adding speed)
2. The proxy can act as a filter, blocking content from prohibited websites.
3. Third, the proxy server can modify the requester’s information when passing it to the destination, blocking the sender’s identity and acting as a measure of security; the user can be made anonymous.

Question 29

An _____ server is a device that examines the credentials of anyone trying to access the network, and it determines if network access is granted.

Answer 29

authentication

Question 30

Authentication servers can be a dedicated server machine, ___ or access point, ___ , or a remote access server (RAS).

Answer 30

wireless router

Ethernet switch

Question 31

The goal of a _____ is to centralize security management, allowing administrators to manage all of their security-related hardware and software through a single device or interface.

Answer 31

unified threat management (UTM)

Question 32

A UTM device can generally provide these types of services:

Answer 32

Packet filtering and inspection, like a firewall
Intrusion protection service
Gateway anti-malware
Spam blocking
Malicious website blocking (either prohibited or nefarious content)
Application control

Question 33

What is the meaning for the DNS record type SOA?

Answer 33

Start of Authority. It signifies the authoritative DNS server for that zone.

Question 34

What is the meaning for the DNS record type NS

Answer 34

Name Server. It’s the name or address of the DNS server for that zone.

Question 35

What is the meaning for the DNS record type MX

Answer 35

Mail Exchange It’s the name or address of the email server.

Question 36

What is the meaning for the DNS record type A?

Answer 36

IPv4 host record.

Question 37

What is the meaning for the DNS record type AAAA?

Answer 37

Called “quad A,” it’s the host record for IPv6 hosts.

Question 38

What is the meaning for the DNS record type CNAME?

Answer 38

Canonical Name. It’s an alias; it allows multiple names to be assigned to the same host or address.

Question 39

What is the port and purpose of SMTP?

Answer 39

Port 25

SMTP is used for sending email and transferring email between mail servers.

Question 40

What is the port and purpose of POP3?

Answer 40

Port 110

POP3 is used for Receiving email.

Question 41

What is the port and purpose of IMAP4?

Answer 41

Port 143

IMAP 4 is used for receiving email. It’s newer and has more features than POP3.

Question 42

An ___ server is a device that examines the credentials of anyone trying to access the network, and it determines if network access is granted.

Answer 42

authentication

Question 43

What is the first step in the DHCP request process?

Answer 43

DHCP Discover (broadcast)
"Can anyone give me an IP address?"

Question 44

What is the second step in the DHCP request process?

Answer 44

DHCP Offer (unicast)

If a DHCP server is available to hear the broadcast, it will respond directly to the requesting client using the client’s MAC address as the destination address.

Question 45

What is the third step in the DHCP request process?

Answer 45

DHCP Request (broadcast)

Question 46

What is the fourth step in the DHCP request process?

Answer 46

DHCP ARK (Unicast)

Question 47

A ___ server is a device that isolates internal networks from the servers by downloading and storing files on behalf of clients.

Answer 47

proxy