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BRAIN FOOD MTA Networking Fundamentals > Understanding Local Area Networking > Flashcards

Understanding Local Area Networking Flashcards

1
Q

What is a LAN?

A

A local area network (LAN) is a group of two or more computers that exchange data. Usually confined to a small area, like an office building.

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2
Q

Why do organisations need LAN’s?

A

Sharing: of files, databases and media
Communication: email, instant message and VoIP
Money: increase of efficiency

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3
Q

What is Network Documentation?

A

Any information that helps describe, define and explain how computers are connected in a physical and logical way.

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4
Q

What does Serial data transfer mean?

A

The transfer of data one bit at a time. A single transfer via a single-bit stream

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5
Q

What things happen when data is sent over the network?

A

The data is packaged by the OS into a packet.
The packet is then placed inside a frame by the network adaptor.
The network adaptor then breaks down the frame into a serial data stream that is sent over the cables via a single-bit stream.
The receiving PC recreates the frame of data from the single-bit stream and then subsequently strips the frame so only the packet remains.
The packet is then opened by the receiving OS and can now be accessed by a user.

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6
Q

What is Ethernet?

A

A set of rules that govern the transmission of data between network adaptors and various central connecting devices.

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7
Q

What common types of Ethernet are there?

A
  1. 3u (Fast Ethernet) 100Mbps

802. 3ab (Gigabit Ethernet)

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8
Q

What advantages does switching have?

A

Only sends unicast traffic (data sent to one host only)
Reduce network traffic
Reduced packet loss and duplication.

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9
Q

What is another name for data transfer rate?

A

Bit rate

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10
Q

What are the differences between Mbps and MB?

A

Mpbs - bits per second (speed)

MB - bytes of storage (size)

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11
Q

Why is an IP address important?

A

It defines each host/computer

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12
Q

What is a subnet mask?

A

A group of four numbers that define what IP network the host/computer is a member of.

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13
Q

Could a computer with the subnet mask of 255.255.0.0 communicate with a computer with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0?

A

No, because the computers that are trying to communicate need to have the same subnet mask so they can recognise each other through the network.

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14
Q

How does a computer see an IP Address?

A

As a 32-bit dotted-decimal number (Binary)

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15
Q

How many bytes/octects does an IP have?

A

Four.
e.x. 192.168.50.251
Bytes/Octets - 1 . 2 . 3 . 4

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16
Q

How many bits does a full IP have?

A

32

This is because each octect is 8 bits, therefore, 8*4=32

17
Q

What is a WLAN?

A

A Wireless Local Area Network

18
Q

What is a VLAN?

A

A virtual local area network (VLAN) is a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that communicate as if they were connected in a normal fashion on one switch, regardless of their physical location.

19
Q

Why is a VLAN implemented?

A

To segment a network, reduce collisions, organise the network, boost performance and increase security

20
Q

What does a VLAN do?

A

It compartmentalises a network and isolates traffic upon that network

21
Q

What is the difference between a subnet and a VLAN?

A

A VLAN can be set up in a physical manner whereas a subnet cannot be

22
Q

What is the most common type of VLAN?

A

The most common type is a port-based VLAN

23
Q

What is the usual standard associated with VLAN’s?

A

IEEE 802.1Q - this modifies Ethernet frames and tagging them with the appropriate VLAN information. This information then determines the VLAN to which to direct the Ethernet frame.

24
Q

What can a perimeter network also be called?

A

A DMZ (Demilitarised Zone)

25
Q

What functionality does a DMZ provide?

A

To allow users outside of a company LAN to access specific services located on the DMZ

26
Q

What are two common DMZ configurations?

A

Back-to-Back; DMZ is situated between two firewalls

3-Leg - DMZ is attached to a separate connection of the company firewall

27
Q

What is network topology?

A

Network Topology defines the physical connections of hosts in a computer network

28
Q

List three types of physical network topologies

A

Star
Mesh
Ring

29
Q

Define how a Star Topology is configured

A

The hub/switch is connected to each PC via a single cable

30
Q

Define how a Mesh Topology is configured

A

Every computer connects to every other computer, no central connecting device is needed. Number of network connections that each computer needs is the total number of computers minus one.

31
Q

Define how a Ring Topology is configured

A

Each computer is connected to the network using a closed loop

32
Q

How does a token ring pass information?

A

A token system is used and this means that there are no collisions.

BRAIN FOOD MTA Networking Fundamentals (20 decks)

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