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Driver Qualification Test > Understanding And Managing Driving Risk > Flashcards

Understanding And Managing Driving Risk Flashcards

1
Q

True or false: driving is one of the riskiest things that people do on an everyday basis.

A

True

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2
Q

Statistically what is the most dangerous period in your license process

A

First 6 months of having your red Ps

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3
Q

Who is at more risk of being involved in a crash, males or females? And why?

A

Males, because men drive more and are more willing to take risks.

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4
Q

How much do fatal crashes cost the community on average?

A

$5.8 million

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5
Q

What are most of the costs associated with car crashes associated with?

A 
Long term care 24% 
Loss of quality of life 21%
Labor in the workplace 19% 
Labor in the household 18%
Legal 10% 
Medical/ambulance and rehab 4%
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6
Q

True or false, most crash casualties suffer fatalities.

A

False, most crash casualties don’t die (1 in 50) but many live with the consequences for the rest of their lives.

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7
Q

What effect can overconfidence have on your driving?

A
  • Can make you believe you are a better driver than you really are.
  • Makes you underestimate the risk of negative outcomes such as crashes or being injured or killed
  • Overconfidence is boosted when you speed and don’t get caught.
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8
Q

True or false, male drivers are more likely to rate themselves as better than others.

A

True and this may encourage over confidence and increased crash risk

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9
Q

What is the difference between the chances of you getting booked for a traffic offense and being killed in a crash?

A

Risk of being booked is more than 1000 times greater than being killed in a crash.

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10
Q

What is external attribution and internal attribution?

A

External: assigning blame outside yourself
Internal: assigning blame to yourself

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11
Q

What percentage of crashes are to some extent a result of human error?

A

90%

57% human factors alone

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12
Q

Estimated that drivers make a mistake that could lead to a crash about every ________ kilometers.

A

3

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13
Q

Are males or females more likely to let emotion affect their driving?

A

Young male drivers

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14
Q

High scorers on the Sensation Seeking scale are more likely to what?

A

Drive aggressively, not wear seat belts, drink and drive, exceed the speed limit and believe they are less likely to get caught by the police

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15
Q

Common risky behaviors include…

A

Speeding, tailgating and running red lights

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16
Q

What is the penalty for negligent driving that results in injury or death?

A

Imprisonment for up to 18 months

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17
Q

What is the penalty for dangerous driving that results in injury or death?

A

Imprisonment for 7-10 years

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18
Q

Alcohol contributes to what percentage of all crashes?

A

20% of fatal crashes and 5% of crashes causing injury

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19
Q

What is the legal BAC?

A

0.05

20
Q

True or false: less than half of drivers killed have a BAC of 0.15 or more.

A

False, more than half have a BAC of 0.15 or more

21
Q

Which category of individuals is more likely to drink and drive?

A

Young males

22
Q

How does alcohol affect your driving?

A

Reduces concentration, inhibits your ability to identify and respond to hazard and slows reflexes

23
Q

What is the safest, legal BAC?

A

0.00

24
Q

When are the highest alcohol hours? What percentage of fatal crashes during these hours are alcohol related?

A

Weeknights (Thursday and Friday) and weekends.

57% of fatal crashes are alcohol related.

25
Q

True or false: only illegal drugs affect your ability to drive safely.

A

False, other drugs such as over the counter and some prescription drugs (pain killers, sedatives, sleeping pills and cold and flu medicine) can affect driving ability.

26
Q

If the police believe you are drug affected and you refuse to provide blood/urine samples, what may happen?

A

Face the same penalties as high rage drink drivers, these include fines, loss of license and imprisonment

27
Q

What percentage of fatal crashes are caused by fatigue?

A

18%

28
Q

Describe the warning signs of fatigue.

A

Loss of concentration, boredom, missing road signs, yawning, drowsiness, slow reactions, sore or tired eyes and having difficulty staying in the lane

29
Q

Where do most fatigue related crashes occur?

A

75% on country/rural roads

25% on urban/metropolitan

30
Q

What are the high risk times for fatigue related crashes?

A

4am-8am and 12 noon - 2pm

31
Q

Of all fatigue crashes what percentage involve male drivers?

A

76%

32
Q

How can you avoid fatigue?

A

Getting plenty of sleep

33
Q

What percent of all crashes involve distractions inside or outside the vehicle?

A

6%

34
Q

What is the difference between inside and outside vehicle distractions that lead to crashes?

A

Inside 36%

Outside 30%

35
Q

Inside the vehicle, what is most likely to cause a distraction that leads to a crash?

A 
Adjusting the radio (12%) 
Another occupant (11.5%)
36
Q

Who is most likely to be distracted in a vehicle and therefore be at a higher risk of crashing?

A 
Young drivers (particularly young men) when traveling with passengers of a similar age. 
May encourage risky behavior
37
Q

What can you do to reduce distractions from inside your vehicle?

A

Turn off the sound system, no mobile phone use, securing loose objects in boot, asking passengers to be quiet

38
Q

Human and environmental factors contribute to ____________% of crash causes.

A

27%

39
Q

True or false: environmental factors alone rarely cause a crash

A

Only 3% of crashes are caused by environmental factors alone. Most crashes are a lack of adjustment from the driver

40
Q

Which time of the day are drivers more likely speed and be alcohol affected?

A

Night time

41
Q

You can’t control environmental hazards but what can you control?

A

You can manage your speed and and space cushion to give yourself more time to detect and react to hazards
Use low beam headlights during the day to ensure you are seen

42
Q

As a driver what can you do to help reduce the risk of unexpected hazards causing an issue?

A

Scan further ahead, look for indicators and brake lights of other cars, look for head movements and eye contact with other drivers, be vigilant in checking for hidden road users and check blind spots and slow down

43
Q

What is a vulnerable road user?

A

Pedestrian, cyclists and motorcyclists

44
Q

Who are the most riskiest pedestrians?

A

People under 16 and over 60

45
Q

True or false: drivers are 3 times more likely to be killed than motorcyclists

A

False. Motorcyclists are 3 times more likely to be killed than drivers

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