UN and international governance

Question 1

What is the UN?

Answer 1

An international organization of countries whose aim is to maintain world peace and security, which was established in 1945.

Question 2

are you going to go well on this exam?

Answer 2

probably not

Question 3

How many member states are there?

Answer 3

193

Question 4

What are the member states?

Answer 4

sovereign states which discuss international matters in the UN General Assembly, where they are equally represented

Question 5

Who are the observer states?

Answer 5

The Holy See
Palestine

Question 6

why do the observer states have observer state status?

Answer 6

no clue

Question 7

What are the 3 aims of the UN?

Answer 7

secure international peace
eliminate poverty
protect human rights

Question 8

how is the UN structured?

Answer 8

has 6 different organs
the main two are the General Assembly and Security Council

Question 9

What are the roles of the General Assembly?

Answer 9

funding matters of the UN
policymaking and representation
it passes resolutions to persuade those threatening peace to do the right thing
decides on the admission of new/non-permanent members

Question 10

What are the roles of the Security Council?

Answer 10

to maintain peace
to settle conflicts threatening world security
to maintain international security

Question 11

Who are the P5?

Answer 11

Britian
France
USA
Vladdy Putin
China

Question 12

Who does it mean to be part of the P5?

Answer 12

It means that a state is a permanent member of the Security Council

Question 13

is Australia in the security council?

Answer 13

yes, as a rotating member

Question 14

How were the P5 selected/formed?

Answer 14

the P5 states were all allies after WW2, and had important roles in the aftermath of WW2, therefore they were selected to be the P5

Question 15

What is the UN system?

Answer 15

A system of the UNs organs, like the GA and SC, and all related organizations

Question 16

which organizations support or work alongside the UN?

Answer 16

WHO
UNESCO
UNICEF
World Bank Group
International Monetary Fund
International Labour Organization
(+ various others)

Question 17

Who is the secretary general?

Answer 17

Antonio Guterres (Portugal)

Question 18

What is the role of the Secretary General?

Answer 18

the chief administrative officer of the UN who is a spokesperson for the interests of the worlds people and who speaks and acts for world peace and security.

Question 19

What issues does the UN involve itself in?

Answer 19

violation of human rights
refugees and people movement
impacts of conflict
humanitarian relief
vaccinating children
eradicating disease
world hunger and poverty
disruption of world peace

as well as

terrorism
human trafficking and slavery
international crime
agriculture
the oceans
disarmament
nuclear weapons
climate change
clean water and water supply

Question 20

What are the operating principles of the UN called?

Answer 20

the charter of the UN

Question 21

What is the UN charter?

Answer 21

a constitutional document of the UN which sets out the structure and power of the UN that member states must adhere to
(It was put in force in October 1945)

Question 22

What are the main principles of the UN as described in the UN charter?

Answer 22

to develop international peace and security and take adequate steps to avert war
to develop friendly relations among nations on the basis of equality
to achieve international cooperation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural or humanitarian character.
to be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations in the attainment of common ends

Question 23

What is an IGO?

Answer 23

An intergovernmental organization which includes multiple nations

Question 24

What is an NGO

Answer 24

A non-governmental organization which is a non-profit organization that operates independently of any government.

Question 25

2 IGO examples:

Answer 25

European Union (EU)
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Question 26

2 NGO examples:

Answer 26

Greenpeace
Doctors without Borders

Question 27

What is the treaty on the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons (NPT)

Answer 27

An international treaty was established to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and instead promote international cooperation in nuclear energy

Question 28

What are the aims of the NPT?

Answer 28

Non-proliferation
Disarmament
Peaceful use of nuclear energy
Prohibiting states without nuclear weapons from acquiring them

Question 29

Who are signatories?

Answer 29

All states but India, Pakistan, South Sudan, and Israel
North Korea has also expressed withdrawal

Question 30

What if the effectiveness of the NPT?

Answer 30

Has been effective because 25-30 states used to own nuclear weaponry but that number has decreased to 9.
However, the effectualness is hindered by:
key members disagreeing
North Korea leaving the treaty and getting even stronger in terms of nuclear potential
USA and Russia promoting nuclear disarmament yet putting immense investments into their own nuclear programs

Question 31

What are the main objectives of the Antarctic Treaty?

Answer 31

seeks to neutralize the territorial sovereignty in the continent

promoting freedom of scientific research
use of Antarctica for peaceful purposes only
prohibition of military activities, nuclear testing, and radioactive waste
preventing mining and oil drilling in the continent

Question 32

Why is the Antarctic treaty nessecary?

Answer 32

to ensure that Antarctica remains free of territorial claim or sovereignty
to minimize dispute and conflict between nations over the continents
to prevent environmental damage to antarctica and preserve its natural environment
to prevent military training, nuclear tests and mining from damaging the continent