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Neurology > UMN + LMN > Flashcards

UMN + LMN Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 6 UMN signs?

A 
increased tone
hyperreflexia
extensor plantar responses
spastic gait
exaggerated jaw jerk
slowed movements
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2
Q

what are the 4 LMN signs?

A

muscle wasting
weakness
fasciculations
absent or reduced deep tendon reflexes

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3
Q

what is the STORM BABY acronym stand for?

A 
Strength
Tone
Others
Reflexes (DTR)
Muscle Mass
Babinski Sign
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4
Q

in LMN everything…

A

lowers

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5
Q

what is the weakness distribution in UMN?

A

Corticospinal distribution; hemiparesis, quadriparesis, paraparesis, monoparesis, faciobrachial

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6
Q

what is the weakness distribution in LMN?

A

Generalized, predominantly proximal, distal or focal. No preferential involvement of corticospinal innervated muscles.

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7
Q

what is the sensory loss in UMN?

A

Central pattern

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8
Q

what is the sensory loss in LMN?

A

None, glove, stocking, peripheral nerve or root distribution

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9
Q

what are the deep tendon reflexes in UMN?

A

Increased

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10
Q

what are the deep tendon reflexes in LMN?

A

Normal or decreased

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11
Q

what are the superficial reflexes in UMN?

A

Decreased

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12
Q

what are the superficial reflexes in LMN?

A

Normal

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13
Q

what are the pathological reflexes in UMN?

A

Increased

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14
Q

what are the pathological reflexes in LMN?

A

Normal

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15
Q

what is the sphincter function of UMN?

A

Sometimes impaired

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16
Q

what is the sphincter function of LMN?

A

Usually normal

17
Q

what is the muscle tone in UMN?

A

Increased

18
Q

what is the muscle tone in LMN?

A

Normal or decreased

19
Q

what is the muscle bulk in UMN?

A

Sometimes hypertrophy

20
Q

what is the muscle bulk in LMN?

A

Wasting

21
Q

where do UMN lesions occur?

A

CNS + Spinal Cord

22
Q

where do LMN lesions occur?

A

• Anterior horn cells

23
Q

what are common causes of UMN?

A

acute stroke syndromes, space occupying lesions, and spinal cord problems

24
Q

what are common causes of UMN?

A

motor neuron disease, spinal muscular atrophy

25
Q

UMN cause

A

spinal cord syndromes

26
Q

LMN cause

A

peripheral nerve involvement/mononeuropathy

27
Q

spinal injuries in the cervical region cause which type of symptoms?

A

o Arms involved

o UMN if central

28
Q

spinal injuries in the thoracic region cause which type of symptoms?

A

o Arm not/minimally involved

o UMN if central

29
Q

spinal injuries in the lumbar region cause which type of symptoms?

A

o Only legs involved

o No UMN features

Neurology (18 decks)

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