UML Flashcards
What is UML?
Unified Modelling Language, used for specifying, visualising, constructing, and documenting software systems, as well as business and non-software systems.
What are UML architectural views?
Logical, physical, development, and process views for visualising different aspects of a system.
What are the different levels of detail in UML?
Concept level (highly abstracted) and design level (detailed, code-like).
What is the rule for elements in a UML diagram?
7±2 elements per diagram for optimal clarity without excessive complexity.
What are the types of inheritance in UML?
Weak inheritance (white triangle) and strong inheritance (black triangle).
How many diagrams does UML 2.x include?
Nine diagrams, including four new ones and some syntax changes.
What is a UML use case diagram?
A diagram showing system functions provided to classes of users and their interactions.
How does UML show system interfaces?
Using stereotypes with chevrons («System») and arrows for one-way communication.
What is a UML class diagram?
The core diagram of UML, showing logical structure and connections between system components.
What is a UML object diagram?
A class diagram for a single instance, with instance names underlined and annotated.
What is a UML collaboration (communication) diagram?
Object diagrams with message arrows showing sequences and relationships between collaborating objects.
What is a UML sequence diagram?
Shows the sequence of interactions over time, using activation bars and vertical arrangements.
What are UML transition diagrams?
Activity or state diagrams showing the flow of activities or tasks, with decision points and synchronisation bars.
What are UML activity diagrams?
State diagrams with synchronisation bars, illustrating parallel and sequential tasks.
What is a UML component diagram?
Shows physical software structure, components, interfaces, and dependencies between them.
What is a UML deployment diagram?
Illustrates the physical architecture of hardware and software communication in a system.
What is a UML implementation diagram?
Shows where and how components will be implemented and their interdependencies across nodes.
What are UML extensions?
Stereotypes, symbols, and customisations using chevrons, colours, or pictures, making UML extensible.
How does UML represent component dependencies?
With a dashed line and arrowhead (line and cup in UML 2.x).
What is the purpose of UML interfaces?
Defines publicly accessible methods for components to call on other components or their internal classes.
How are UML use case diagrams related to class diagrams?
Use case diagrams identify the system’s functionality, which can be used to derive the classes and their responsibilities in class diagrams.
How are class diagrams related to object diagrams?
Class diagrams show the blueprint of the system’s structure, while object diagrams represent specific instances of those classes at a given time.
How are sequence diagrams related to collaboration diagrams?
Both show object interactions; sequence diagrams focus on the time-ordered sequence of messages, while collaboration diagrams emphasise relationships between objects.
How are activity diagrams related to state diagrams?
Activity diagrams model workflows or task sequences, while state diagrams focus on an object’s state transitions. Both use similar notation for events and decisions.
How are component diagrams related to deployment diagrams?
Component diagrams show software components and their relationships, while deployment diagrams map these components onto physical hardware nodes.
How are use case diagrams related to sequence diagrams?
Use case diagrams describe system functionality, and sequence diagrams provide detailed interactions for implementing specific use cases.
How are state diagrams related to sequence diagrams?
State diagrams describe the life cycle of an object, while sequence diagrams detail how objects interact within those states.
How are activity diagrams related to use case diagrams?
Activity diagrams elaborate the flow of actions within a use case, showing decision points and parallel activities.
How are logical and physical views connected in UML?
Logical diagrams (e.g., class diagrams) define the software’s abstract structure, while physical diagrams (e.g., deployment diagrams) map this structure onto actual hardware.
How are component diagrams related to class diagrams?
Component diagrams encapsulate sets of related classes, showing their dependencies and interfaces.
