Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Student of Knowledge > Ulum al Sunnah > Flashcards

Ulum al Sunnah Flashcards

Understand concepts and definitions on the topic of Ulum al Sunnah

1
Q

Sunnah

سُنَّة‎

A

Lexical definition: A path or way of life, good or bad

Technical definition:

  • Fiqh: Sunnah means a level of ruilng - A recommended action
  • Usul al-Fiqh: Sunnah is whatever comes from the Prophet (ﷺ), other than the Qur’an, including his words, actions, approvals, messages, gestures, etc.
  • ‘Aqidah: Sunnah means Islam in general, its main beliefs and well-established practices as opposed to heretical, innovated beliefs and practices.
  • Mustalah al-Hadith: Sunnah is everything that has been narrated or reported about the Prophet (ﷺ).
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hadith

حديث‎

A

Lexical definition:

  • An item of news, conversation, a tale, a story, a report
  • Something new

Technical Definition:
Whatever is transmitted from the Prophet(ﷺ) of his actions, sayings, tacit approvals or physical characteristics and mannerisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hadith vs Sunnah

A

Hadith is the narration.
-Classified by authenticity

Sunnah is what he did and is part of the religion
-No classifications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Two categories of Ulum al-Sunnah

A
  1. Riwaayat-ul-hadith
    - How the hadith gets to you
    - Narration
    - Particular Hadith
    - Magnifying glass on one hadith
  2. Diraayat-ul-hadith
    - Understanding
    - General rules + principles
    - Classifications
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sunnah preservation - Era of the Prophet (ﷺ)

A
  • Proactive efforts of the Prophet(ﷺ).
  • Muslims enquired the Prophet(ﷺ) about Islams laws and rulings.
  • Companions desire to seek knowledge, memorise it and convey it.
  • Wives of the prophet(ﷺ) communicated knowledge of his private behaviour and interaction with his wives.
  • Emissaries and governors.
  • Treaty of Hudaibiya increased number of converts to Islam hugely.
  • Farewell Hajj of the Prophet (ﷺ) accompanied by an excess of 100,000 Muslims.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sunnah preservation - Era of the Sahabah

A
  • Allah orders the wives of the porphet to makemention constantly of Sunnah (Hikmah)
  • Many people narrated plentifully, includeing senior companions, the members ofthehouse of the Prophet, Servants of the Prophet

Approximate number of channels of narrations leading back to these companions (Al Mukthirun):

  • Abu Hurairah (5374)
  • Said ibn Malik (~1100)
  • Jahir (<2000)
  • Anas(<2000)
  • A’isha (~2200)
  • Ibn ‘Abbas (1660)
  • Ibn ‘Umar(~2400)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Sahabah

A

Someone who met the messenger of Allah believing in him and died upon Islam.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hadith literature- 1. Sahifa

A

Period: Prophet’s (ﷺ) lifetime

Feature: Personal reference material

Example: Sahifa of Hammam bin Munabbih

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hadith Literature- 2. Musannaf

A

Period: Early & Mid Eight Century

Feature: Organised by Topic

Example: Imam Malik’s Muwatta’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hadith Literature- 3. Musnad

A

Period: Late Eighth & Early ninth Centuries

Feature: Organised by Narrator (Organised by Isnad)

Example: Musnad of Imam AHmed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hadith Literature- 4. Sunan/Sahih

A

Period: Early Ninth to Early Tenth Century

Feature: Organised topically with full Isnads

Example: Sunan of al Darimi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Classification of Ahadith according to:

Authority

A
  1. Marfu’ (Prophet)
  2. Mawquf (Companion)
  3. Maqtu’ (Successor)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Classification of Ahadith according to:

Links in the Isnad

A
  1. Musnad - Continuous chain. It was possible for each narrator to have heard from the other right up to the Prophet.
  2. Mursal - A missing link at the beginning of the chain, i.e between the tabi’i and the Prophet. e.g a chain in which the Tabi’i says “The Prophet ﷺ said…”
  3. Munqati’ - One or more links are missing somewhere in the middle of the chain, but not in succession
  4. Mu’dal - Two or more links are missing in succession in the middle of the chain
  5. Mu’allaq - Links omitted at the beginning of the chain by the collector. E.g as we do today we say “On the Authority of Abu Huraiyra…”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Links in the Isnad: Musnad

A
  1. Musnad - Continuous chain. It was possible for each narrator to have heard from the other right up to the Prophet.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Links in the Isnad: Mursal

A
  1. Mursal - A missing link at the beginning of the chain, i.e between the tabi’i and the Prophet. e.g a chain in which the Tabi’i says “The Prophet ﷺ said…”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Links in the Isnad: Munqati’

A
  1. Munqati’ - One or more links are missing somewhere in the middle of the chain, but not in succession
17
Q

Links in the Isnad: Mu’dal

A
  1. Mu’dal - Two or more links are missing in succession in the middle of the chain
18
Q

Links in the Isnad: Mu’allaq

A
  1. Mu’allaq - Links omitted at the beginning of the chain by the collector. E.g as we do today we say “On the Authority of Abu Huraiyra…”
19
Q

Classification of Ahadith according to:

Number of Reporters in each Stage of the Isnad

A
  1. Mutawatir - Severeal reporters at each stage of the isnad. This number depends on the trustworthiness and precision of the narrators and revolvesaround the principple that all of these trustworthy, precise narrators could not possibly have conspired together to spread or create a lie about the Prophet ﷺ. These are automatically deemed Sahih.
  2. Ahaad - reports in which the number of reporters at each stage is less than the Mutawatir amount. They are then later categorised by authenticity.
20
Q

Mutawaatir Hadith

A

Mutawatir - Severeal reporters at each stage of the isnad. This number depends on the trustworthiness and precision of the narrators and revolvesaround the principple that all of these trustworthy, precise narrators could not possibly have conspired together to spread or create a lie about the Prophet ﷺ. These are automatically deemed Sahih.

21
Q

Classification of Ahadith according to:

Manner in which the Hadith is reported

A
  1. Haddathana - He narrated to us/he told us
  2. Akhbarna - he informed us
  3. Anba’ana - he informed us
  4. Sami’tu - I heard
  5. Tadlis - Used when narrating from someone he does not hear from and omits the person he really hears from

Musalsal - Al narrators saying a particular working or doing a particular action when transmitting the hadith

22
Q

Classification of Ahadith according to:

Nature of the text and isnad

A
  1. Shadh
  2. Munkar
  3. Mudraj
23
Q

Shadh Hadith

A

Hadith which is reported by a trustworthy person, but the text or isnad goes against a more authentic narration

Anomaly (something out of the ordinary)

e.g prophet uncovering his thigh vs reports of him uncovering his shin

24
Q

Munkar Hadith

A

Any report that clearly contradicts the Qur’an or Sunnah, or contains inconsistencies

25
Q

Mudraj Hadith

A

Used as a label for ahadith in which words of the narrator have become mixed in with the content (matn)

26
Q

‘Ilal

A

After comparing different versions of the same Hadith, axcholars could uncover flaws known as ‘ilal, which might have evaded the best transmitter (e.g added words that are not found in more reliable versions)

27
Q

Sahih

A
  • Authentic
  • Continuous Isnad
  • Narrated by reporters who are trustworthy and are acknowledged for their memory
  • Narration is found to be free of Shudhudh
  • Free of any ‘ilal (hidden defects)
28
Q

Hasan

A
  • Good

- Meets Sahih requirements except regarding the narrator’s dabt (Ability in memorisation)

29
Q

Daif

A
  • Weak
  • Fails to meet the criteria of Hasan
  • Usually down to a discontinuity or problem in the isnad
    eg. one of the reporters has a problem with his character: liar, innovator, obscure personality, involvment in haram activities
30
Q

Mawdu’

A
  • Fabricated

- Known to have a liar in the chain

31
Q

Methods establishing Authority of the Sunnah

A
  1. Generic commandments of the Qur’an to obey the Messenger in an absolute sense
  2. The Sunnah is revelation
  3. The Sunnah is an explanation of the Qur’an
32
Q

Methods establishing Permanency of the Authority of the Sunnah

A
  1. The Sunnah is preserved

2. The necessity of preserving the explanation of the Qur’an

33
Q

Condition for using Weak Hadith

A
  1. They should not be VERY weak: This allows us to exclude narrations only narrated by a liar, one accused of lying and one who makes serious mistakes
  2. Falls under a general proof: Proof that is already present.
  3. While acting upon it, person doesn’t think it is established as a Prophetic quote
  4. Should not become widespread

some say 5. Should only be on Targhib and Tarhib

34
Q

Indicators of Spurious Matn

A
  1. Contradicts reason
  2. Contradicts Qur’an/Sunnah
  3. Would expect it to be mass transmitted
  4. Contains important information but Authenticity is Unclear

Student of Knowledge (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions