Ultrastructure of cells

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

Contains genetic information (DNA) which directs protein synthesis
Controls metabolic activities of the cell

Question 2

Nucleolus

Answer 2

Area in the nucleus responsible for producing ribosomes.
Composed of proteins and RNA

Question 3

Nuclear envelope

Answer 3

Double membrane
Protect DNA from damage in cytoplasm.
Contains nuclear pores so molecules (RNA) can move in/out.

Question 4

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 4

Synthesis and storage of carbohydrates and lipids

Question 5

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 5

Have ribosomes - protein synthesis

Question 6

Three components of the cytoskeleton

Answer 6

Microtubules
Microfilaments
Intermediate fibres

Question 7

Microfilaments

Answer 7

Cell movement

Question 8

Microtubules

Answer 8

Creating a scaffold-like structure

Question 9

Intermediate fibres

Answer 9

Provide mechanical strength

Question 10

Cytoskeleton

Answer 10

Network of fibres within cytoplasm.
Many organelles bound to cytoskeleton
Maintain shape and stability of a cell.

Question 11

Centrioles

Answer 11

Made of microtubules
Occurs in pairs to form a centrosome
Involved in production of spindle fibres and organisation of chromosome in cell division

Question 12

Flagella

Answer 12

Whip-like structure
Mobility
Sometimes sensory organelles for chemical stimuli

Question 13

Cilia

Answer 13

Hair-like projections
Mobile: beat to move substances
Stationary: On surface of sensory organs