Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Radiology II > Ultrasound > Flashcards

Ultrasound Flashcards

1
Q

Production of sound waves by an ultrasound probe (transducer) and the return of that reflected sound wave (echo)

A

Ultrasound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

An extremely important tool with ultrasound technology because it reduces air between the pt and transducer
Helps with conduction

A

Ultrasonic gel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Distance a wave must travel

A

Wavelength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Number of cycles per second

A

Frequency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Speed at which sound travels through an object

A

Velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Intensity or loudness of a wave

A

Amplitude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Loss of intensity of the beam as it travels through tissue

A

Attenuation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of material displays absorption attenuation?

A

Liquids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What type of material displays scattering attenuation?

A

Uneven surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ability of tissue to resist transmission of sound

The > the density or elastic difference, the more reflective

A

Acoustic impedance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Converts energy into electrical impulses

Used to scan pt

A

Transducer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Within the transducer that converts electrical energy into ultrasound
Can be natural or synthetic

A

Crystals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Crystals vibrate and produce a wave, wave travels through tissues and crystals switch from sending to listening, echoes are received, and seen on the monitor

A

Piezoelectric effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Quality of the ultrasound

A

Resolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

^ Frequency =

A

shorter soundwave=better resolution

Less penetration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The ability to distinguish between two objects or echoes that are adjacent to one another yet perpendicular to the sound wave

A

Lateral spatial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The ability to differentiate between two structures along the beam’s length

A

Axial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Frequency used for a small dog and cats

A

7.5 MHz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Frequency used for mid-large size dogs

A

5 MHz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Frequency used for large animals

A

3-5 MHz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

AKA Sector probe, Convex

Wide field of view - pie-like

A

Mechanical sector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

One of the first probes designed for high resolution

Rectangular view

A

Linear transducer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Transducer used in cardiac studies

A

Phased array sector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

3D & 4D ultrasounds

A

Matrix transducer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Amplitude mode

Graphic display, used in ophthalmology

A

A-mode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Brightness mode
Cross section that gives a 2D image
Most common

A

B-mode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Motion mode
Straight lines = stationary objects, wavy lines = moving objects
Used in cardiology and in conjunction with B-mode

A

M-mode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Mode used for moving objects and fluid flow

Useful for <3 dz, shunts, blood flow patterns, thromboembolisms

A

Doppler

29
Q

BART

A

Blue Away Red Towards

30
Q

Detects velocity of flow

A

Power Color Doppler

31
Q

Mode used for large/obese animals

A

Harmonic

32
Q

Ability of tissue to bounce soundwaves

Intensity of reflected echoes

A

Echogenicity

33
Q

Image appears black, no reflection (fluid filled)

Ex: bladder

A

Anechoic

34
Q

Appears darker than surrounding tissue, varying shades of grey
Ex: blood, loose tissue, muscle

A

Hypoechoic

35
Q

Appears brighter than surrounding tissues (white)

Ex: solid tissue, bladder stones

A

Hyperechoic

36
Q

Equal in appearance to surrounding tissue

A

Isoechoic

37
Q

Uniform greys

Ex: liver

A

Homogeneous

38
Q

Varying shades of greys

Ex: kidneys

A

Heterogeneous

39
Q

Transducer marker is positioned to the cranial or caudal end of the animal
Long axis
|
|

A

Sagittal

40
Q

Transducer marker should be 90 degrees to the longitudinal plane
Short axis
——————-

A

Transverse

41
Q

Affects the brightness (range of grey scale) of the image

A

Gain

42
Q

Every transducer has a set max and min _____________ at which it can send and receive soundwaves

A

Depth

43
Q

Allows the operator to selectively adjust the gain at various depths

A

Time gain compensation

44
Q

Preinstalled settings

A

Presets

45
Q

Maximizes the axial and lateral spatial resolution at the area of interest

A

Focal Zone Adjustments

46
Q

Allows the operator to change the frequency within the range of frequencies allowed by the probe

A

Frequency Selection

47
Q

Affects the gain setting and the tissue harmonics to obtain the ideal image as the sound beam travels through a particular part of the body

A

Optimization

48
Q

Usually examined between the 4th and 5th rib

Start in R lateral recumbency with the transducer coming from underneath

A

Heart

49
Q

The heart’s ________ and _________ are echogenic

A

walls; valves

50
Q

Most hyperechoic of all organs

Uniform, granular appearance and seen best on pt’s left side

A

Spleen

51
Q

Less echogenic than the spleen and echotexture is coarse (grainy and homogeneous)

A

Liver

52
Q

Anechoic with a bright wall

Sometimes contains echogenic debris or sludge

A

Gallbladder

53
Q

When scanning in lateral recumbency, it is bean shaped;.
When scanning dorsally, it is ovoid
Surrounded by a bright capsule

A

Kidneys

54
Q

The cortex of the kidney is

A

hypoechoic

55
Q

The medulla of the kidney is

A

anechoic

56
Q

Anechoic with a hyperechoic wall

A

Bladder

57
Q

Surrounds the urethra and is bilobed with a bright appearance
Larger and more echogenic in an intact male

A

Prostate

58
Q

Optimal time for pregnancy detection in small animals

A

20 days

59
Q

Optimal time for pregnancy detection in horses

A

11 days

60
Q

Can be difficult to image because of gas and walls alternate black and white layers

A

Stomach and bowels

61
Q

Adjacent to the duodenum on the right side and between stomach, spleen, and colon on the left

A

Pancreas

62
Q

Hypoechoic and uniformly grey

Cranial pole of kidneys

A

Adrenal glands

63
Q

Linear echoes caused by an inadequate amount of gel or sound reflected between transducer and strong reflector

A

Reverberation

64
Q

Inadequate sound beam penetration (bone, calculi, calcium)

A

Shadowing

65
Q

Sound traveling through fluid filled structure without attenuation

A

Enhancement

66
Q

Soundwave changes directions causing a hypoechoic band

A

Refraction

67
Q

Acoustic enhancement

AKA: Duplicate image

A

Mirror image

68
Q

Produced by front and back of strong reflector (air bubble, BB)

A

Comet tail

Radiology II (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions