Ultimate Review (IU) Questions Flashcards
Curing light wave length
400-500nm (475nm I think)
MC GA complication within first 24 hours that can lead to pneumonia
Atelectasis (Collapsed lung)
Curing light damages ____ the most
Retina
Implants should be placed ___mm. apart and ___mm from adjacent teeth
3mm
1mm
Implant distance from mental foramen
5mm
Chin tilted too far upward on PAN will show
Reverse Occlusal Plane
Chin tilted too far down on PAN will show
Big smile, Anterior tooth distortion
Inverted Y on PAN due to superimposition of the
Floor of nasal cavity (straight radiopaque line) and border of maxillary sinus (curved radiopaque line)
Bone necrosis occurs at
56 degrees celsius
Procedure to correct mandibular retrognathia
Bilateral sagittal split
Infections from mandibular premolars and molars drain to ____
Submandibular space because apices are below mylohyoid mm. attachment
Infections from mandibular incisors and canines drain to ___
Submental Space
Same species graft:
Allograft or Isogenic graft
Dyspnea & Wheezing on Expiration
Asthma
Tx for asthma attack
Albuterol, can give epi (.3mL of a 1:100,000 dilution) if albuterol doesn’t work)
Meds to avoid in asthma patients:
- NSAIDS
- Barb’s
- Narcotics
- Erythromycin
Stones are MC found in ____ obstructing what duct
Submandibular gland; Wharton’s duct
Where is recurrent herpes mostly found
- Lips*
- Hard palate
- Attached gingiva
- Alveolar ridge
Apthous ulcers are associated with Stress such as:
- bacterial infections
- trauma
- endocrine condition
- allergic factor
- immunological abnormalities in iron, vitamin B or Folic acid
What type of syphilis is NOT contagious
Tertiary syphilis
Patients with what disease are more sensitive to EPI, which could result in a hypertensive crisis
Graves disease
Xerostomia can be caused by
- Antihypertensives
- Antidepressants
- Cancer therapy
- Sjogren’s syndrome
- Endocrine disorders
Patients with Muscular dystrophy tend to show what two symptoms
- Mouth-breathing
- Tendency for Open-Bite
How much bone necessary B & L around implant
B:0.5mm
L:1mm
Pemphigoid is found in
between epithelium and CT
Pemphigus (worst one) found
solely in epithelia tissue (intraepithelial bullae)
Which amine LA is also metabolized by esterase’s in plasma
Septocaine/Articaine
Strongest anti-inflammatory steroid drugs
Dexamethasone
What drug has a high concentration in gingival/crevicular fluid
Tetracycline
What drug has a high concentration in bone
Clindamycin
Drug that can cause severe liver damage
Tetracycline
Drug known to cause nephrotoxicity & hypokalemia
Amphotericin B
Allergic cholestatic hepatitis is associated with
Erythromycin estolate
Drug that causes GI upset
Clindamycin & Erythromycin
Drug with SE: Pseudomembranous colitis
Clindamycin & Cephalexin
Drug that can cause Aplastic Anemia
Chloramphenicol (bacteriostatic)
Tetracycline can be inactivated by
Milk & Antacids
Drug known to cause photosensitivity
Tetracycline
Drug effective against Gram + and Gram - bacteria
1st generation Cephalosporins
Drug that commonly interacts with Lidocaine and causes lidocaine to remain in circulation
Propranolol–compete for same enzyme in liver thus metabolism of lidocaine can be reduced
When broad spec. AB’s are given with _____ anticoagulant action increases due to reduction in vitamin K sources
Coumadin
Decreases the metabolism of Digoxin
Erythromycin
Blocks metabolism of Seldane (Terfenadine)(antihistamine) & can cause arrhythmia and death
Erythromycin
Prolongs effects of Penicillin
Probenecid
Tx of Trigeminal neuralgia (2)
- Cabamazepine (anticonvulsant_
- Phenytoin
Oral contraceptives can cause
Thromboembolisms
Alcohol inhibits activity of
Cortex
Drugs that directly stimulate pancreatic Beta cells to secrete insulin
Sulfonyl ureas
Tx for Status Epilepticus
Diazepam
PT test evaluates
Warfarin (anticoagulant)
Liver Damage
Vitamin K
PTT is used to evaluate
Heparin (anticoagulant)
INR that is OK for surgery
1-1.5
Methotrexate is a
Antimetabolite
Longest acting Benzo
Oxazepam
LA’s antagonize acetylcholinesterase inhibitor’s in patients with
Myasthenia Gravis
Contraindicated in patients with Glaucoma
Atropine–may cause blurred vision due to mydriasis effect
Causes LEAST CNS depression and impairment of psychomotor skills of the anti anxiety drugs
Buspirone
Can cause auditory nerve deafness
Gentamycin
Less likely to cause xerostomia
Opioids
Drugs that may cause Hypokalemia
Thiazides
Sudden onset of impending doom is referred to as
Panic attack
Potent anti-TB drug
Isoniazid
Ethambutol is a
anti-TB drug
What drug can cause a neuromuscular junction blockade which can cause RESPIRATORY difficulty
Streptomycin
Penicillin derivative that cannot be given orally
Methicillin
- Effective against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
2. Also used for Pseudomonas infection
- Cipro
2. Ticarcillin & Carbenicillin
Effective against most ANAEROBES
Clindamycin
If it has a quaternary ammonium group it is a:
Direct nicotinic stiumlator
Penicillin derivative that displays RENAL TUBULAR secretion
Benzylpenicillin (Pen VK)
AB for UTI
Nalidixic acid
Can cause kidney stones
Sulfa (Sulfamethoxaszole)
Good against penicillinase producing staph
Oxacillin
3rd generation cephalosporin
Moxalactam
Longest Half-life of Tetracycline drugs
Doxycycline
If Lidocaine caused seizure, use ____
Diazepam
Drug that helps acute leukemia in kids
Aminopterin
____ and MAO’s are Contraindicated
Demerol
Calcium counteracts ____
Fluoride
Vital tooth with open apex, what procedure
Apexogenesis
Non-vital tooth with open apex, what procedure
Apexification
Better prognosis: internal root resorption or external
Internal
Enamel rods at cervical of primary teeth are pointed ____
Occlusally
Zyban (for tobacco cessation) should NOT be taken with
Antidepressants
Brush biopsies are done for ____ diagnoses
Fungal
Tx for early hypothyroidism
ADH
Cancer of plasma cells
Multiple Myeloma
No Epi with MAO or
TCA antidepressants
Reduced # of ___ cells are seen in apthous ulcers
T-cells
Most common salivary gland tumor
Pleomorphic adenoma
Large tongue & delayed eruption are signs of
Hypothyroidism
Apthous ulcers are commonly seen in what syndrome
Bechet’s syndrome
Signs of Lichen Planus
- 4 P’s: Purple, Polyhonal, Pruritic, Papules (all on skin)
- Wickham striae
- Does NOT wipe off
- Interproximal necrosis and pseudomembranous formation
- Sore bleeding gums
- No loss of attachment
- Odor, low grade fever, lymphadenopathy, malaise
ANUG
- Generalized around most teeth (systemic) with no plaque
2. Localized–severe destruction around mand/max 1st molars or mand/max anterior teeth with no plaque
Juvenile Periodontitis
- Vital tooth
- Acute pain
- Thermal doesn’t usually affect it
- Lateral percussion
Periodontal abscess
- Localized–<30% of sites involved
- Generalized >30% of sites involved
- Slight 1-2mm CAL
- Moderate 3-4mm CAL
- Severe > or = 5mm of CAL
Chronic Periodontitis
- Rapid
- Otherwise healthy
- Local–around puberty
- Generalized–<30y.o.
Aggressive Periodontitis
Fixed monthly payment paid by a carrier to a dentist based on number of patients assigned. Doesn’t matter how much care is delivered. What is this a part of?
D-HMO plan
Test that measures the association between two categorical variables; used for the comparison of groups when the data are expressed as counts or proportions
Chi-square
Relative Risk study
Cohort
A general population is followed through time to see who develops the disease, and then the various exposure factors that affected the group are evaluated
Prospective Cohort Study
Study used to evaluate the effect that a specific exposure has had on a population
Retrospective Cohort Study
A study in which the health conditions in a group of people who are, or are assumed to be, a sample of a particular population (a cross-section) is assessed at “ONE TIME”
Cross-sectional study
Odds ratio study
Case Control Study
Clinical attachment level is measured from
CEJ to the BASE of the pocket
Pocket depth is measured from
Gingival margin to base of pocket
MC place to get hematoma from injection
PSA. Tx by digital pressure in mucobuccal fold, posterior and superiorly and apply ice extraorally
MC to inject into artery or vein:
PSA
Causes blurred vision, can kill you, use broad spectrum AB to beat it, caused usually by staph, can be from infra bony abscess in maxillary anterior region. Usually occurs in OPHTHALMIC VEIN
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
Maxillary denture should extend to
Vibrating line
Irrigation during implant placement is for
Cooling of the bone
Preg. woman passes out in char, what do you do?
Roll her onto her left side
Dens in dente MC
Max. Lateral
Inhibits metabolism of folic acid, used for cancer tx
methotrexate
High BP in preg. patient is sign of
Preeclampsia
Menarche is important milestone because of:
Skeletal maturity
Primate space on maxillary arch
between laterals and canines
Primate space on mandibular arch
between canines and first molars
ACC Anterior Reduction
1mm facial
1mm lingual
1.5 incisal
PFM Anterior Reduction
- 5mm facial
- 5mm incisal
- 5mm lingual
PFM Posterior Reduction
1.5mm facial
2mm occlusal
0.5mm lingual
Porcelain Anterior Veneer Reduction
0.5mm facial
Most cariogenic sugar
Sucrose
MC bacteria in endo infected tooth
Multiple anaerobes--Porphyromonas Bacteriodes melaninogenica (also gram + actinomyces (root caries)).
OSHA standard:
Bloodborne pathogens standard
Toxic waste is capable of causing
Poisoning effect
Organization responsible for MSDS
The Manufacturers
When do most needle sticks occur?
Recapping
Transdermal patch for motion sickness
Scopolamine
LA that causes Methemoglobinemia
Prilocaine
Causes shortness of breath, CYANOSIS, mental status change, headache, fatigue, exercise intolerance, dizziness, loss of consciousness. Blood is chocolate brown color
Methemoglobinemia
Most important characteristic of Major Connector
Rigidity
Most likely to cause Ankylosis of Condyle
RA
Most important dimension of color for dental restorations
Value
Decreased VDO results in increase of
Freeway space
Tooth borne Kennedy mods
Class III & Class IV
No mods occur in Kennedy Class
IV
MM. involved in TMJ opening
Lateral pterygoid
Digastrics
Omohyoid
MM. involved in TMJ closing
Masseter
Temporalis
Medial Pterygoid
MC swelling of submandibular triangle tissues
Lymphadenopathy
All H&N lymph eventually drains to
Deep cervical lymph nodes
CN’s with parasympathetic capabilites:
3, 7, 9, 10, maybe 5
Do NOT premed for
Mitral Prolapse (according to ADA website)
Cleft palate/lip prevelance
1/700; Cleft Lip occurs more than Cleft Palate
Drugs that increase insulin sensitivity at peripheral target sites
- Metformin
- Pioglitazone
Drugs that stimulate insulin release from pancreas and increase insulin sensitivity at peripheral target sites
- Glyburide
- Chloropropamide
Osteoporosis drugs (-dronates) that inhibit osteoclasts
Fosamax
Most impacted tooth after 3rd molars
maxillary canine
Most reversible neuro condition
Paresthesia
What does the oil in the X-ray tube do
Dissipates heat and is used for cooling
Avg. person greatest exposure to radiation
INHALED RADON 56%
Type of bone defect that does not require grafting
3-wall narrow defect
Xray for perio disease
BW
How does radiation affect the body negatively
Free radicals–indirect effect
Gauge of pulpotomy success based on:
Completed root development
Sinus visualization best with:
Waters projection, MRI, or CT
Risk factor for sickle cell anemia
Having a cold & Nitrous oxide
Longitudinal study is a type of
Observational study
Associated with osteogenesis imperfect, blue sclera, calcified roots & canals
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
- Oligodontia (6 or more missing teeth)
- Lack of skin & hair
- Heat intolerance
Ectodermal dysplasia
Ideal fluoride levels
0.7-1.2ppm (depends on air temperature)
Lateral periodontal cysts involve ____ teeth
Vital
Antagonist for Benzo’s
Flumazenil (OD too)
MC respiratory problem in office
COPD & asthma
MC respiratory emergency in office
Hyperventilation & obstruction
Healthy gingival sulcus contains:
- Gram + facultative cocci & rods
- PMN’s
Bacteria assoc. with root caries
Actinomyces viscous
Reduces scatter radiation and amount of tissue irradiated
Collimater
Disease involving pigmentation of mucosa
Addison’s
Disease involving intestinal polyps and intraoral pigmentation
Peutz-jeghers
When do you give AB’s for ANUG
only if SYSTEMIC symptoms present (metronidazole & tetracycline)
Antral Y is the union of
Anterior wall of maxillary sinus with floor of nasal fossa
Pregnant lady elevate what
Elevate right hip
Chancre in syphilis appears similar to
SCC
Chelator (removes smear layer) and removes inorganic material
EDTA
Cross-linking agent in acrylic is a
Monomer
Patients with CHF display
pedal edema (-prils used as meds, along with digoxin)
Anterior crossbones are usually due to
skeletal issues
V3 comes out of what foramen
Foramen ovale
ANB greater than +2
Class 2
ANB less than -2
Class 3
ANB -2 or +2
Class 1
Normal SNA (Maxillary)
82-Class 1
SNA (Maxillary) greater than 82
Class 2
SNA (Maxillary) <82
Class 3
Normal SNB (mandibular)
80-Class 1
SNB <80
Class 2
SNB >80
Class 3
Black woman, lower anteriors, vital teeth, progress to radiopaque
Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia
Most recurrent Cyst
OKC
Best for re-tx on endo teeth that have post & core
Apicoectomy
Worst place for implants
Upper posterior
Best place for implants
Lower anterior
Tx for Systemic candida
Fluconazole
Dentist gives false information violates
Veracity
MC heart defect in kids
Ventricular septal defect
RMGI is a
compomer
Fiber post advantage
similar to dentin
Signs of hypoglycemia
- rapid HR
- confusion
- blurred vision
- pale skin
- sweating
Implants can lose ___mm of bone/yr
0.2mm
Bleeding time is determined via
Platelet test
Primary molar with necrotic pulp shows in the
Furcation
ADA code of ethics does NOT include
licensure by credentials
Tx for petit mal seizures
Ethosuxicimide
MC soft tissue injury during ext
puncture
Dentigerous cyst can transform into
ameloblastoma
Curette angle for posterior SRP
45-90degrees
1/3rd of root calcified at birth
Maxillary canine
Diabetes Test:
-Normal Ha1c
Normal is 4-6
Diabetic if higher than 6.5
Highest C-factor is in what type of restoration
Class 1 composite
Flange too far lingual on mandibular denture, it is impinging on palatoglossal and
superior constrictor mm
Plaster expands more or less than stone
more
Metal oxide formation is necessary for
metal ceramic bond
Porcelain adheres to metal by
chemical covalent bonds
True negative of false positive (don’t have it)
Specificity
Specificity is inversely proportional with
Sensitivity (has disease)
Describes really large pulp chamber
Taurodontism
Posterior corset with functional shift needs fixed how soon
asap
Hemangioma are mc on
tongue, blood filled cells, blanches
Hematoma is ___-like
bruise
Angle formed by the non-working condyle and sagittal plane (laterotrusive movement)
Bennett angle
Close reduction surgery does not involve
Soft tissue
Prozac acts on ____ receptors
Serotonin
Area where structures appear most sharply and clearly
Focal Trough
Superior attachment of pterygomandibular raphe
Hamulus
Tendon between buccinators and superior constrictor muscles
Pterygomandibular raphe
Factors that influence image definition
- Arch path
- Velocity of the film & tube head
- Alignment of X-ray beam
- Collimeter width
Sign of Fetal Alcohol syndrome
Small head
“Failure to thrive” is descriptive of
Enamel hypoplasia
Setting of alginate is a double decomposition between
Potassium Alginate and Calcium Sulfate
Excessive on occlusal is usually caused by a discrepancy between
CR and CO
How much alginate should be between bottom of tray and occlusal surface for alginate
0.25 inches
Flux (e.g. borax) is added to metal surface to improve:
- Flow of the solder
- Dissolve oxides
- Prevent contamination
Flux is placed on the surface ____ they are heated
before
Antiflux (graphite) is used to
Restrict flow of flux
___ and sulfide interfere with bonding
Oxide
