ulcers Flashcards

1
Q

this leads to distortion/damage to blood vessels, usually at a deep tissue level

A

Shear force

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2
Q

this is a risk factor for pressure injury

A

low diastolic BP - takes less pressure in order to impede circulation

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3
Q

patient should turn how often when lying down?

A

2 hours

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4
Q

patient should shift how often when sitting up

A

15 minutes

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5
Q

this stage of pressure injury is not yet an open wound, and has nonblanchable erythema & may be “boggy”

A

stage 1

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6
Q

This stage of pressure ulcer are superficial - partial thickness. include epidermis, sometimes part of dermis and includes blisters

A

stage II

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7
Q

these are deep ulcers, with extensive necrosis. they are full thickness with dermis and subcutaneous tissue involved - extend to BUT not through subctuaneous fascia

A

stage III

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8
Q

full thickness ulcer. deep ulceration, may have undermining

involves epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue through fascia to muscle, tendon, joint capsule, and sometimes bone

A

stage IV

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9
Q

this pressure ulcer has high risk of osteomyelitis

A

stage IV

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10
Q

Can a stage IV ulcer reverse to a stage II ulcer?

A

NO no reversal omg

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11
Q

this scale is rated 0 to 7 based on observation of ulcer

A

sessing scale

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12
Q

this allows clinician to chart progress by subtracting score at reassessment from score initial evaluation

A

sessing scale

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13
Q

this scale ranges from score 8 to 34

A

PUSH - pressure ulcer scale for healing

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14
Q

this type of debridement method removes nectrotic tissue only, leaves uninvolved skin intact

A

selective

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15
Q

this debridement method goes from wet to dry

A

non-selective

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16
Q

this method of debridement uses semipermeable films, and absorbent dressings

A

autolytic debridement

17
Q

this type of debridement can use sharp of hydrotherapy

A

mechanical debridement

18
Q

what to diabetic ulcers stem from

A

peripheral neuropathy (damage to sensory nerves, autonomic nerves, motor nerves)

19
Q

this is the primary risk factor for development of diabetic foot ulcers

A

DPN

20
Q

these count for 50-70% of all non-traumatic amputations in the US

A

Diabetic foot ulcers

21
Q

this can lead to increased levels of intracellular glucose in nerves & disruptions in cellular metabolism with the neurons

A

hyperglycemia

22
Q

this is decreased perspiration and sebaceous secreations in the distal lower extremities and feet

A

autonomic neuropathy

23
Q

with this the skin is prone to dryness, cracks, callus formation and breakdown

A

autonomic neuropathy

24
Q

this affects intrinsic muscles of foot

A

motor neuropathy

25
Q

atrophy will reduce what?

A

padding to pressure points

26
Q

these are common foot deformities in DPN

A

plantarflexion contracture
claw-toe deromity
hallux varus
forefoot varus or valgus

27
Q

this is referred to as rocker bottom foot

A

charcot foot

28
Q

this is a bone deterioration and pathologic fractures which leads to deformity

A

charcot foot

29
Q

this will be involved in your circulatory assessment

A

peripheral pulses, capillary refill, skin color and temperature, ABI

30
Q

what is an important thing to do during skin assessment?

A

indentify areas of callus as potential sites of breakdown, look for cracks and fissures

31
Q

risk factors for ulcers

A

numbness, paresthesias. previous h/o ulcer, amputation, high scores on screen

32
Q

these can be preventative tools for neuropathic ulcers

A

orthotics, proper footwear, daily inspection of shoes and feet, exercise

33
Q

these are commonly located at plantar aspect of foot (midfoot, heel, metatarsal heads)

A

diabetic ulcers

34
Q

these wound margins often show callus formation

A

diabetic ulcers

35
Q

with total contact casting how often should cast be changes to avoid ulcer

A

at least ones a week - every 2 weeks at maximum

36
Q

this can be injected under high pressure areas

A

liquid salicone

37
Q

this may help replace fat padding that is displaces by bony deformatities

A

liquid silicone