ulcers

Question 1

this leads to distortion/damage to blood vessels, usually at a deep tissue level

Answer 1

Shear force

Question 2

this is a risk factor for pressure injury

Answer 2

low diastolic BP - takes less pressure in order to impede circulation

Question 3

patient should turn how often when lying down?

Answer 3

2 hours

Question 4

patient should shift how often when sitting up

Answer 4

15 minutes

Question 5

this stage of pressure injury is not yet an open wound, and has nonblanchable erythema & may be “boggy”

Answer 5

stage 1

Question 6

This stage of pressure ulcer are superficial - partial thickness. include epidermis, sometimes part of dermis and includes blisters

Answer 6

stage II

Question 7

these are deep ulcers, with extensive necrosis. they are full thickness with dermis and subcutaneous tissue involved - extend to BUT not through subctuaneous fascia

Answer 7

stage III

Question 8

full thickness ulcer. deep ulceration, may have undermining

involves epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue through fascia to muscle, tendon, joint capsule, and sometimes bone

Answer 8

stage IV

Question 9

this pressure ulcer has high risk of osteomyelitis

Answer 9

stage IV

Question 10

Can a stage IV ulcer reverse to a stage II ulcer?

Answer 10

NO no reversal omg

Question 11

this scale is rated 0 to 7 based on observation of ulcer

Answer 11

sessing scale

Question 12

this allows clinician to chart progress by subtracting score at reassessment from score initial evaluation

Answer 12

sessing scale

Question 13

this scale ranges from score 8 to 34

Answer 13

PUSH - pressure ulcer scale for healing

Question 14

this type of debridement method removes nectrotic tissue only, leaves uninvolved skin intact

Answer 14

selective

Question 15

this debridement method goes from wet to dry

Answer 15

non-selective

Question 16

this method of debridement uses semipermeable films, and absorbent dressings

Answer 16

autolytic debridement

Question 17

this type of debridement can use sharp of hydrotherapy

Answer 17

mechanical debridement

Question 18

what to diabetic ulcers stem from

Answer 18

peripheral neuropathy (damage to sensory nerves, autonomic nerves, motor nerves)

Question 19

this is the primary risk factor for development of diabetic foot ulcers

Answer 19

DPN

Question 20

these count for 50-70% of all non-traumatic amputations in the US

Answer 20

Diabetic foot ulcers

Question 21

this can lead to increased levels of intracellular glucose in nerves & disruptions in cellular metabolism with the neurons

Answer 21

hyperglycemia

Question 22

this is decreased perspiration and sebaceous secreations in the distal lower extremities and feet

Answer 22

autonomic neuropathy

Question 23

with this the skin is prone to dryness, cracks, callus formation and breakdown

Answer 23

autonomic neuropathy

Question 24

this affects intrinsic muscles of foot

Answer 24

motor neuropathy

Question 25

atrophy will reduce what?

Answer 25

padding to pressure points

Question 26

these are common foot deformities in DPN

Answer 26

plantarflexion contracture claw-toe deromity hallux varus forefoot varus or valgus

Question 27

this is referred to as rocker bottom foot

Answer 27

charcot foot

Question 28

this is a bone deterioration and pathologic fractures which leads to deformity

Answer 28

charcot foot

Question 29

this will be involved in your circulatory assessment

Answer 29

peripheral pulses, capillary refill, skin color and temperature, ABI

Question 30

what is an important thing to do during skin assessment?

Answer 30

indentify areas of callus as potential sites of breakdown, look for cracks and fissures

Question 31

risk factors for ulcers

Answer 31

numbness, paresthesias. previous h/o ulcer, amputation, high scores on screen

Question 32

these can be preventative tools for neuropathic ulcers

Answer 32

orthotics, proper footwear, daily inspection of shoes and feet, exercise

Question 33

these are commonly located at plantar aspect of foot (midfoot, heel, metatarsal heads)

Answer 33

diabetic ulcers

Question 34

these wound margins often show callus formation

Answer 34

diabetic ulcers

Question 35

with total contact casting how often should cast be changes to avoid ulcer

Answer 35

at least ones a week - every 2 weeks at maximum

Question 36

this can be injected under high pressure areas

Answer 36

liquid salicone

Question 37

this may help replace fat padding that is displaces by bony deformatities

Answer 37

liquid silicone