UK Geology Flashcards
What is the line that divides the UK geologically called?
Tees-Exe.
What kind of rocks exist in the north-western UK?
Metamorphic and Igneous.
What kind of rocks exist in the south-eastern UK?
Sedimentary.
How can basalt form distinctive landscapes?
As the lava cools down, it forms polygon shapes.
Give examples of basalt landscapes.
Giant’s Causeway
Fingal’s cave.
List the types of weathering.
Chemical
Biological
Mechanical.
Define chemical weathering.
Rocks reacting with slightly acidic substances.
Define biological weathering.
The actions of plants and animals causing weathering on the rocks.
Define mechanical weathering.
Water falls into cracks in rocks and freezes, causing it to expand.
What is mass movement?
Mass movement is the downhill movement of material under the influence of gravity.
List how waves can erode the coast.
Abrasion
Hydraulic action
Attrition
Solution
Define abrasion.
Breaking waves throw sand and pebbles and boulders against the coast during storms.
Define hydraulic action.
The sheer weight and impact of water against the coastline, particularly durng a storm erodes the coast.
Define attrition.
Rocks and pebbles carried by waves rub together and break into smaller pieces.
Define solution.
The chemical action of seawater dissolves some rocks.
