Ugljik Pt.3 Flashcards
What is the process by which green plants, algae, and cyanobacteria convert inorganic substances into organic matter?
The process is called photosynthesis.
What is the simplified chemical equation for photosynthesis?
6CO₂(g) + 6H₂O(l) → C₆H₁₂O₆(aq) + 6O₂(g)
What energy source drives the process of photosynthesis?
The energy source is sunlight.
What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll is the green pigment that helps in the process of photosynthesis.
How do organisms that cannot perform photosynthesis obtain glucose?
They obtain glucose through food.
What are carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates are organic compounds that serve as a source of energy for cellular processes.
What reagents are used to test for glucose in a solution?
Trommer’s and Fehling’s reagents are used for glucose testing.
What happens when copper(II) ions react with glucose or fructose?
A red-brown precipitate of copper(I) oxide, Cu₂O, is formed.
What is the significance of marine organisms in the formation of oil and natural gas?
Marine organisms have transformed over millions of years into oil and natural gas.
What is calcium carbonate and its solubility in water?
Calcium carbonate is nearly insoluble in water, but its solubility increases in the presence of dissolved carbon dioxide.
What reaction occurs when calcium carbonate, carbon dioxide, and water interact?
CaCO₃(s) + CO₂(g) + H₂O(l) → Ca(HCO₃)₂(aq)
What do marine organisms do with calcium hydrogen carbonate?
They convert it back to calcium carbonate for building shells and skeletons.
What happens to calcium carbonate when organisms die?
Calcium carbonate settles on the ocean floor.
How is coal formed?
Coal is formed through the carbonization of predominantly large ferns.
What is cellular respiration?
Cellular respiration is the process by which glucose is broken down with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.
What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?
C₆H₁₂O₆(aq) + 6O₂(g) → 6CO₂(g) + 6H₂O(l)
What is the result of the decomposition of organic matter after organisms die?
It breaks down into simple inorganic substances like carbon dioxide and water.
What is carbonization?
Carbonization is the process that occurs deep underground under high pressure and temperature, leading to the formation of coal.
What are stalactites and stalagmites?
Stalactites hang from the ceiling of caves, while stalagmites rise from the ground.
What is the largest cave complex in Croatia known for its numerous cave decorations?
The largest cave complex in Croatia is known for its numerous cave decorations.
