Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A - Rosen Ortho > UE, Hip+Femur, General > Flashcards

UE, Hip+Femur, General Flashcards

1
Q

When is a fracture termed complete?

A

Interrupts both vortices of the bone on orthogonal radiographic views

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How long does the humerus take to heal in an adult?
Femur?

What fracture heal fastest?

A

2 months
4 months

Oblique faster than transverse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What grading system is used to classify open fractures?

What ABx to use for class I? Dose?
Class II and III?
A

Gustilo-Anderson

Cefazolin 1-2g IV
Add Gentamycin 1-1.7 mg/kg IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a grade I vs grade II open fracture?

A

Grade I is less than 1 cm

Grade II is 5cm long with no contamination or crush, no excessive soft tissue loss, avulsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Delta pressure?

What indicates Compartment syndrome?

A

Diastolic BP - Direct pressure of the compartment

< 30

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What direct pressure measurement indicates compartment syndrome?

A

> 30-40 indicates ischemic necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What structure runs with the median nerve in the middle of the elbow?

A

Brachial artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What kind of splint for humeral shaft fractures?

A

Sugar-tong (start at outside deltoid, under elbow and into axilla)

Hanging cast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How to diagnose supracondylar fractures with xray?

A

Anterior humeral line - lateral film, should transects middle third of capitellum

Baumann’s angle - AP film measuring through mid shaft humerus and growth plate of capitellum should be 75

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a supracondylar fracture?

Peak incidence?

MC type?
What nerve is MC injured?

A

Distal humerus fracture that occurs proximal to the epicondyles

5-10 y/o

Extension (98%)
Anterior interosseous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Fracture of the capitellum occurs with what else?

Usually d/t what?

A

Trochlea

Posterior dislocation of the elbow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is an elbow dislocation?

Most serious complication?
What else can happen?

A

Disruption bw humerus and the olecranon (ulna)

Brachial a injury
Median n injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How to reduce Posterior dislocation?

If that doesn’t work?

Cast how?

A

Apply traction at distal forearm w/elbow flexed 30 degrees and forearm supinate

Downward pressure at prox forearm and apply pressure behind olecranon while maintaining inline traction

Posterior splint w/elbow in flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the recommended method to reduce Nursemaid’s elbow?

A

Hyperpronation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which middle third clavicular fractures should get more immediate ortho consultation?

A

Severely comminuted or displaced ( > 18mm of initial shortening)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What scapular injuries need ORIF?

A

Severely displaced coracoid fracture w/ruptured coracoclavicular ligaments
or

Glenoid involvement

17
Q

What is the bimodal distribution of GH dislocations?

MC type?

A

20-30 y/o Men
Women in 60s

Anterior - 98%

18
Q

What is a Hill Sachs deformity?

A

Compression fracture of the posterolateral aspect of humeral head

19
Q

What does the FARES technique stand for?

How to do it?

A

FAst, REliable, Safe

Patient supine, head of bed elevated 20-30 degrees, hold their wrist and oscillate while abducting the arm, at 90 degrees externally rotate and abduct up to 120 while holding traction

20
Q

What is the Cunningham method to reduce anterior shoulder dislocation?

A

Patient sitting up in a chair VERY straight. Adduct and fully flex elbow against your body. Provide traction on wrist while patient shrugs shoulders superior and posterior while massaging trap, deltoid, biceps

21
Q

What is the special view to get for clavicle?

A

Zanca view —> AP w/15 degree cephalic tilt view

22
Q

What type of clavicle fracture requires more urgent Ortho consult? Why?

Describe it

A

Type II lateral, 30% nonunion

Assoc w/torn coraclavicular ligament

23
Q

When is reasonable to get X-rays in a pt with low back pain?

What are you looking for?

A

Pt has osteopenia or on chronic steroids

Occult spontaneous compression fracture

24
Q

What is the ABx regimen for epidural abscess?

A 
Vancomycin 30-60 mg/kg
plus
Metronidazole 500mg
plus
Ceftriaxone 2g
25
Q

What are the stats on hip fracture?

A

20% die w/in first year after injury

33% require nursing home

< 33% regain pre-injury function

26
Q

What kind of fracture does a leg w/external rotation w/shortening suggest?

A

Intertrochanteric fracture

27
Q

What is a stress fracture of the lateral femoral neck called?

Medical?

A

Tensile

Compressive

28
Q

How does a posterior hip dislocation present?

D/t what?

A

Adducted, flexed, Internally rotated

MVC

29
Q

What is Shenton’s line?

Disruption indicates what?

A

Smooth curved line drawn along superior border of obturator foramen and medial aspect of the femoral metaphysis

Femoral neck fx or hip dislocation

30
Q

What are the 3 ways to reduce hip dislocation?

A

All is
Stimson
Captain Morgan

A - Rosen Ortho (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions