UE Clinical

Question 1

Go completely out of anatomic alignment

Answer 1

Dislocate

Question 2

Go back to anatomic alignment

Answer 2

Reduce

Question 3

Go partially out of anatomic alignment

Answer 3

Subluxate

Question 4

Rotator Cuff: Elevation

Answer 4

Supraspinatus, (Deltoid)

Question 5

RC: Internal Rotation

Answer 5

Subscapularis

Question 6

RC: External Rotation

Answer 6

Teres minor, infraspinatus

Question 7

Most common RC pathologies (3)

Answer 7

Age-related degenerative tears, tendon degenerative process, idiopathic?

Question 8

Less common RC pathologies (2)

Answer 8

Young athletes/laborers, acute injury related

Question 9

Body healing in general

Answer 9

most often - will heal seld
shaft can accept some malalignment
ligaments can reattach to bones
Children heal especially well

Question 10

____________ injuries must be made perfectly straight (or else____)

Answer 10

Articular surfaces - joint pain and permanent damage

Question 11

Indicators of poor healing of rotator cuff pathology

Answer 11

Large, long-standing

Try PT

Question 12

SC dislocation

Answer 12

High energy trauma (secondary injuries also likely)

Question 13

AC dislocation

Answer 13

Mid to high energy
Often treated w/out surgery
“Shoulder separation” w/ coracoclavicular

Question 14

Scapulothoracic dislocation

Answer 14

HIGH energy

Neurologic/vascular injuries and secondary injuries likely

Question 15

Glenohumeral dislocation

Answer 15

Frequent “Shoulder” dislocation

Question 16

Anterior vs. Posterior glenohumeral dislocation

Answer 16

describe position of humeral head w/ glenoid face of scapula

Anterior - most common, imbalance or over pull
Posterior - rare (lose body control - electrocution, seizure)

Question 17

Humerus shaft tolerates _______

Answer 17

angulation or rotation deformity (vs. articular surfaces which do not)

Question 18

Humerus fracture at ________, worry about nerve injury at ________ (4)

Answer 18

neck - axillary
radial - midshaft
medial & ulnar - distally (epicondyles)

Question 19

Lateral epicondyle pain

Answer 19

tennis elbow

extensor tendons

Question 20

Medial epicondyle pain

Answer 20

golfer’s elbow

flexor-pronator origin

Question 21

Nursemaid’s elbow

Answer 21

dislocation of radial head/humerus

traction/pulling injury (slip out from anular ligament)

Question 22

Adult dislocations

Answer 22

Simple - low energy, timely reduction –> okay, R/U move away from humerus as a unit
Fracture + dislocation - high energy, require surgical repair
Maybe long term problems (pain, stiffness, instability)

Question 23

Changes in bones shape in ______ not tolerated

Answer 23

Forearm (d/t need for mobility in rotation)

Question 24

Most common fracture of forearm

Answer 24

Distal radius

Question 25

Most common fracture of the wrist

Answer 25

Scaphoid

Question 26

Ulnar nerve damage

Answer 26

Sensation
Fine motor control of intrinsic muslces (ulnar sided lumbricals, dorsal interossei, palmar interossei)

Muscle loss annoying
Pathology can occur at wrist or elbow

Question 27

Radial nerve injury

Answer 27

Proximal - wrist drop and thumb can’t extend
If after elbow but before branch to posterior interosseous - finger extension, lack of thumb extension (most distal), no change in sensation

Question 28

Dorsal/palmar interossei + lumbricals –> extend fingers at ______ but flex at ______

Answer 28

DIP, PIP extend

Flex at MC