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General Biology 12 & UCSP (2nd SEM) > UCSP 12 > Flashcards

UCSP 12 Flashcards

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1
Q

The term “society” came from the Latin word ________, which in turns was derived from the noun socius (comrade, friend, ally).

A

societas

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2
Q

It is used to describe a bond or interaction between parties that are friendly, or at least civil.

A

Socius

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3
Q

According to the Greek philosopher _______, human being are zoon politikon or political animals.

A

Aristotle

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4
Q

According to him the term “society” is used to describe a level of organization of groups that is relatively self-contained.

A

John Holmwood (2006)

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5
Q

The situation in which society lacks social regulation through social norms called __________.

A

Anomie

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6
Q

Anomie is from the Greek word…..

A

nomos

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7
Q

She was a French Philosopher and sociologist.

A

Louis Althusser (1918-1990)

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8
Q

He is one of the most influential American sociologist. He is associated with the theory of structural functionalism.

A

Talcott Parsons (1902-1979)

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9
Q

He is considered the founding father of French sociologist.

A

Emile Durkheim

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10
Q

The argument of Durkheim that society is an objective reality is echoed in contemporary sociology by________

A

Peter L Berger.

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11
Q

Emile Durkheim theory, called _______, states that society is reality sui generis and cannot be reduced to individual aggregates or parts.

A

sociologist realism

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12
Q

His remarks could be extended to all other social institutions.

A

Peter L. Berger

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13
Q

This critism is echoed in the famous statement of_________:
Men (sic) make their own history, but they do not make it just as they please; they do not make it under circumtances chosen bty themselves, but uner circumtances directly found, given and transmitted from the past.

A

Marx (1937)

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14
Q

According to ______, people need social structures to be free, yet freedom is constrained by social structures.

A

Anthony Giddens

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15
Q

According to ______, qualitative research method refers to “A research that investigates aspects of social life which are not amenable to quantitative measurement. Associated with a variety of theoritical perspectives, qualitative research uses a range of methods to focus on the meanings and interpretation of social phenomena and social processes in the particular contexts in which they occur.”

A

Maggie Sumner (2006)

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16
Q

It is often used to study meanings embedded in a certain organization or practices occuring in a community. Its primary purpose is to undsrstand the meanings attached by the actors to what they are doing.

A

Qualitative methods

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17
Q

According to _______, quantitative method refers to “ research involving the collection of data in numerical form for quantitative analysis.

A

Jeanette Garwood (2006)

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18
Q

It advocate for the mainstreaming of social sciences according to the method and rigor of the “hard” sciences.

A

Positivists

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19
Q

_______ is the concious effort of the social researcher to be aware of the social conflicts and power struggle that underlie one’s subject of research, say, fraternity violence, social movements, or body tattooing, and to situate one’s self in that field of power relations.

A

Reflexivity

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20
Q

He provides a summary of the relationship between research and political biases: although researchers should not let their own values interfere with the quality and honesty of their research, this does not mean that researchers cannot or should not participate in public debates and express both their scientific expertise and personal values

A

Earl Babbie (2008)

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21
Q

It is considered to be bedrock of science.

A

common sense

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22
Q

starts with common sense , but goes beyond common sense.

A

Science

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23
Q

A ____ looking at the lens of a microscope sees differently from a student who has not yer learned how to properly use a microscope.

A

microbiologist

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24
Q

It has a distinct explanation of certain rituals of a community that is different from the participants’ explanation.

A

Antropologist

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25
Q

What is the center of solar system?

A

Earth

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26
Q

Earth known as…..

A

Ptolemaic theory

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27
Q

It is named after Alexandrian astronomer Claduis Ptolemy (c. AD 90-c. 168)

A

Ptolemaic theory

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28
Q

He and other astronomers exposed the falsity of this theory by substituting it with the heliocentric theory.

A

Galileo Galilei

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29
Q

He is a contemporary cognitive psychologist, writes: “The history of science is replete with discoveries that were considered socially, morally, or emotionally dangerous in their time; the Copernican and Darwinian revolutions are the most obvious.”

A

Steven Pinker

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30
Q

They challenge the common sense beliefs and refuse to follow unexamined traditions and claims based on authority.

A

Bhaskar 2002

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31
Q

Open systems, unlike the closed systems of the natural world such as a laboratory or aquarium, cannot be totally controlled.

A

Bhaskar 1979

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32
Q

The institutions that are created and used by society to mold its members to share the same values and beliefs that a typical member of that society possesses.

A

Ideological state apparatuses

33
Q

As an _______, the family supports society by bringing up children to become obedient and law-abiding members of society.

A

Ideological state apparatuses

34
Q

It refer to those coercive institutions that use physical force to make the members conform to the laws and norms of society like courts, police, and prisons.

A

Repressive ideological state apparatuses

35
Q

According to ____, all societies will have to take care of its own reproduction if they are to persist across time and space.

A

Parsons

36
Q

People, in most cases, act to achieve certain goals, but they end up doing others things, which they did not originally intend to do. This called _____ or unintended effects of people’s actions.

A

manifest fuction

37
Q

The family, as a basic unit society, performs several important functions or roles for society:

A
  1. for biological reproduction
  2. as the primary agent of socialization of children.
  3. as the institution for economic cooperation through division of labor
  4. to care for and nurture children to become responsible adults
38
Q

Therefore excludes same-sex marriage and polygamous unions. Wether one provides a normal definition of the family or normative model, one must accept the fact that families do change.

A

The Philippine Family Code

39
Q

There are the couples who share a common residence with a child, just like a nuclear family, but without the benefit of marriage.

A

Cohabitants

40
Q

The _____ is the most basic form of family and consists of married couple and their biological or adopted children.

A

nuclear family

41
Q

This process refers to growing predominance of nuclear families over extended families in both rural and urban areas, which is brought about by urbanization and economic development.

A

Nuclearization of the families (Kumar 2011):

42
Q

It is also an arrangement of procreation, a way of caring for the offspring of sexuality, defining their legitimate descent, and the main or ultimate responsibility for their upbringing.

A

Marriage

43
Q

In his famous book History of Human Marriage, defined marriage as “a relation of one or more men to one or more women which is recognized by customs or law and involves certain rights and duties both in case of parties entering into the union and in the case of children born of it.”

A

Edward Westermark (1891

44
Q

Each society in the world has a set of words used refer to relatives.

A

Kinship terminology

45
Q

The practice of marrying within specific ethnic group, class, or social group, rejecting others on such basis as being unsuitable for marriage or for other close personal relationship.

A

Endogamy

46
Q

The practice of marrying outside one’s group, which is common in modern socities.

A

Exogamy

47
Q

According to _______, “marriage serves as a cultural resource for many committed same-sex couples.

A

Kathleen Hull (2006)

48
Q

It is a marriage that includes more than two partners.

A

Polygamy

49
Q

When a man is married to more than one wife at a time, the relationship is called _____.

A

Polygyny

50
Q

When a woman is married to more than one husband at a time, it is called ______.

A

Polyandry

51
Q

It is less rare. Most pepple who practice it are found among the Himalayans.

A

Polyandry

52
Q

If a marriage includes multiple husbands and wives, it can called ______.

A

group or conjoint marriage

53
Q

In the case of Jacob in the Old Testament, a man married several sisters. This practice known as _______.

A

Sororal polygyny

54
Q

In ______, the terms monogamous and polygamous families are applied regardless whether the state recognizes the union or not.

A

antropology

55
Q

He credits romantic love with serving a purpose during the beginnings of capitalism.

A

Anthony Giddens (1992)

56
Q

Encompasses not only violence between female and male partners or same-sex partners but also child abuse and elder abuse.

A

Family violence

57
Q

It refers to the abuse by one person of another in an intimate relationship.

A

Domistec violence

58
Q

It is a court order saying that a man and woman are no longer husband and wife.

A

Divorce

59
Q

It is a judicial statement that there never was a marriage between the man and the woman.

A

Annulment

60
Q

It is a decree that gives the husband and wife the right to live separately from each other, but not allowed by the law to remarry.

A

Legal Separation

61
Q

These are families that are very different from traditional and modern families and marriages.

A

Postmodern families

62
Q

It is often defined as a social condition that accompanies globalization

A

Postmodernism

63
Q

A contemporary Polish sociologist, prefers the term “liquid love” to characterize this condition.

A

Zygmunt Bauman (2011)

64
Q

It corresponds to “liquid modern” conditions in which everything becomes fleeting, transient, and disposable.

A

Liquid love

65
Q

It s an invented word for a different kind of relationship.

A

Polyamory

66
Q

It comes from Greek and means “many”

A

Poly

67
Q

It comes from Latin and means “love.”

A

Amory

68
Q

The word “polyamory” was created in the 1980s by _____ and ______.

A

Morning Glory and Oberon Zell

69
Q

These are sometimes referred to as multi-local or multi-sited families, or families living in spatial separation, are certainly not creations of recent globalizing trends but have played an integral part in European colonial and settler histories.

A

Transnational families

70
Q

An anarchist feminist once said, Gay Kitson and Morgan (1990) - report lack of communication or understanding to be the most common reason given by couples concerning why their marriage did not work out.

A

Emma Goldman (1914)

71
Q

Parsons, any entity that was relatively self-subsistent with respect to an environment is qualified as a ________.

A

social system

72
Q

Who wrote The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State (1884), is right to argue that families do evolve in relation to the material and economic conditions of societies.

A

Friedrich Engels

73
Q

People also rely on social relationships made by means of rituals observances, whick are known as _________.

A

goodparenthood or compadrazgo

74
Q

Marriage as a union of individuals also establishes ________(blood relation,” from the Latin consaguinitas) relations of affinity.

A

consanguineal

75
Q

It is marriage between two people of the same biological sex and/or gender identity.

A

same-sex marriage

76
Q

Legal recognition of same-sex marriage or the possibility to perform a same-sex marriage is sometimes reffered to as _____ or equal marriage, particularly by supporters.

A

marriage equality

77
Q

It is often associated with romantic love, where one marries out of love.

A

monogamy

78
Q

An Act Defining Violence Against Women and Their Children

A

Republic Act No. 9262 -

79
Q

parents migrating to work abroad is creating this type of family.

A

Diasporic families

General Biology 12 & UCSP (2nd SEM) (2 decks)

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