Ubran mind

Question 1

What is the Urban Mind Project?

Answer 1

Urban Mind explores the relationship between built, natural and social environment and mental health

Its App collects both active and passive data

Question 2

What can technology do? Firth J & Torous J (2015)

Answer 2

Help patients and clinicians record and track:
Symptoms
Feelings
Behaviours
Location
Environment
Movement
Sociability
Other ‘digital biomarkers’

Can be used to:
Identify at-risk individuals
Track symptoms in outpatients
Encourage medication adherence
Offer on-the-go support
Increase access to services such as CBT and psychosocial support
Encourage lifestyle changes

Question 3

What are 3 types of MH apps for phones?

Answer 3

1. Treatment [Provide a variety of psychological interventions shown to improve patient’s quality of life, recovery, and reduce symptom severity]
2. Prediction e.g. clinical realapse
3. Self-monitoring

Question 4

Do people with FEP use technology as much as general population?

Answer 4

Yep Bell & Alvarez-Jimenez (2019)

Question 5

Challanges of using technology

Answer 5

Practical cost of smartphone/wearables
App development cost and limitations (New apps are not compatible with older devices, Operating system safeguards; iOS/Android device compatibility)
Practical issues – access to internet, habitual charging & use.
Security and privacy issues – storage, transfer, and access of data.
Feelings of paranoia and being monitored.
Are self-reports reliable?
Technology adherence and attrition.

Question 6

What is a digital biomarker?

Answer 6

an “objective, quantifiable, physiological and behavioural data that are collected and measured by means of digital devices, such as portables, wearables, implantables or digestables”

Question 7

What is Ecological Momentary Assessment?

Answer 7

A repeated sampling of behaviours and experiences in real-time and real-world contexts

Can be used to track changes over time and detect abnormalities (for each person)

Can be used for explanatory models

Question 8

What are advantages of using Ecological Momentary Assessment?

Answer 8

1. Cost effective
2. Low recall bias
3. High ecological validity
4. Allows for repeated measures with customizable frequency
5. Large sample recruited easily

Question 9

What are disadvantages of using Ecological Momentary Assessment?

Answer 9

1. Bias towards younger groups who use smartphones
2. Asked questions may not be accurate enough
3. Potential missing data- skipped or missed assessments
4. Subjectivity of self-report
5. Observational design does not imply causation

Question 10

Challenges of Ecological Momentary Assessment?

Answer 10

1. Ethical challenges- where to store it, what to collect
2. Do patients use it?- Feasibility
3. Does it really measure what it claims to? Validity
4. Do people enjoy it? Acceptability
5. What to do with missing data?