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US History > U7: Civil Rights and Solidarity Movements (1960-1979) > Flashcards

U7: Civil Rights and Solidarity Movements (1960-1979) Flashcards

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1
Q

Civil Rights Movement

A

A struggle for social justice during the 1950s and 1960s for Black Americans to gain equal rights under the law in the United States

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2
Q

Brown v. the Board of Education (1954)

A

Supreme Court rules racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional

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3
Q

Integration

A

The combination of white and black people in society and public spaces

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4
Q

Jim Crowe laws

A

State and local laws in the South that enforced racial segregation

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4
Q

Segregation

A

Separation in public spaces based on race

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5
Q

Rosa Parks

A

Civil rights activist known for protesting racial segregation in the bus system

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6
Q

NAACP

A

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
Endeavors to advance justice for African Americans

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7
Q

Claudette Colvin

A

Civil rights activist known for protesting racial segregation in the bus system

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8
Q

MLK

A

Civil rights activist known for using non-violent direct action to protest segregation
Promoted sit-ins and boycotts
Working within the system to allow black people to get added onto the already existing human rights that white people had

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9
Q

Non-violent resistance

A

MLK’s protest style
He thought that violence would take away from the meaning of the protests
Violence from police and bystanders in response to the non-violent action gained support for the movement

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10
Q

SCLC

A

Southern Christian Leadership Conference
MLK’s organization that staged the Montgomery bus boycott

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11
Q

Freedom rides

A

Civil rights protests on interstate buses that were racially segregated

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12
Q

“I have a dream” speech

A

MLK speech
Calls for civil and economic rights and an end to racism/segregation

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13
Q

“I have been to the mountaintop” speech

A

MLK speech
Concerns with the Memphis sanitation strike
Calls for unity, economic action, boycott, and nonviolent protest
Similarities to Malcolm X’s “black people supporting black business” idea

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14
Q

Civil Rights Act (1964)

A

Prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin (mostly in the workplace)

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15
Q

Voting Rights Act (1964)

A

Outlaws discriminatory voting practices that most Southern states adopted (such as literacy tests) that were racially biased

16
Q

LBJ

A

President known for expanding civil rights, public broadcasting, access to healthcare, education, arts, urban and rural development, and public services
Spearheaded “the war on poverty”

17
Q

“Great society”

A

LBJ’s plan to fight poverty in America
Similar to the New Deal

18
Q

Affirmative action

A

Policies and practices within the government or an organization seeking favoring marginalized groups solely based on their status as a minority

19
Q

Black power

A

Political slogan of the Black Panthers
Emphasized black self-reliance and black self-determination
Asked for a separate but equal space for black people instead of integration

20
Q

Malcolm X

A

Civil rights activist who called for violence against police
Pushed for black people supporting black businesses
Didn’t want integration
Wanted to change the system

21
Q

“The ballot or the bullet”

A

Malcolm X’s speech encompassing his political ideology and ideas

22
Q

The Black Panthers

A

Political group that argued against capitalism
Never struck first, but followed police around with guns and waited until they struck first
Pushed connection with the black community
Emphasized black beauty and aesthetic
Focused on ending police brutality
Targeted the press
Fought things that were nation-wide issues instead of things that just concerned the South

23
Q

10 point program

A

The Black Painter’s guidelines that state their ideals and ways of operation
Included freedom, power over themselves, employment, an end to capitalism, housing, education, exemption from military service, an end to police brutality and murder, freedom from imprisonment, trial by a black jury, and “land, bread, housing, education, clothing, justice, and peace”

24
Q

Women’s liberation movement

A

Political alignment of women and feminist intellectualism that produced radical changes in the name of gender equality

25
Q

“The feminine mystique”

A

Book by Betty Friedan that sparked second-wave feminism and advocated for women in the workforce

26
Q

National organization for women (NOW)

A

Organization for women’s equality that advocated for women in the workforce
Wanted to work with the system (like MLK) instead of change it
Pushed for equal opportunities and education
Asked for the government to enforce the laws that protect women

27
Q

Title IX

A

Prohibits sex-based discrimination in schools that recieve federal funding

28
Q

Equal Rights Amendment

A

Proposed amendment that prohibits sex discrimination (wasn’t originally included in the CRA)
Was shut down

29
Q

Roe v. Wade

A

Allows the legal right to abortions

30
Q

Lavender menace

A

Informal civil rights activist group of lesbian radical feminists that formed in protest of the exclusion of lesbians and their issues in the second-wave feminist movement

31
Q

Stonewall riots

A

Police raid against a gay bar that ended in a full scale riot of thousands of people outside the bar
Used violence to threaten the police and gain the upper hand
Supporters were gay people, reporters, anti-police activists, Black Panthers, and anti-war protesters

32
Q

Harvey Milk

A

First openly gay man to be elected to public office in California
Assasinated

33
Q

American Indian Movement

A

Spoke out against unemployment, slum housing, racism, and the relocation act
Fought for full citizenship
Occupation of Alcatraz (fought within the system)
Occupation of Pine Ridge (fought the system)

34
Q

Indian Civil Rights Act (1968)

A

Granted Native Americans equal protection under the law and the extension of privileges and protections in the Constitution

US History (8 decks)

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