U7: Civil Rights and Solidarity Movements (1960-1979)

Question 1

Civil Rights Movement

Answer 1

A struggle for social justice during the 1950s and 1960s for Black Americans to gain equal rights under the law in the United States

Question 2

Brown v. the Board of Education (1954)

Answer 2

Supreme Court rules racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional

Question 3

Integration

Answer 3

The combination of white and black people in society and public spaces

Question 4

Jim Crowe laws

Answer 4

State and local laws in the South that enforced racial segregation

Question 4

Segregation

Answer 4

Separation in public spaces based on race

Question 5

Rosa Parks

Answer 5

Civil rights activist known for protesting racial segregation in the bus system

Question 6

NAACP

Answer 6

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
Endeavors to advance justice for African Americans

Question 7

Claudette Colvin

Answer 7

Civil rights activist known for protesting racial segregation in the bus system

Question 8

MLK

Answer 8

Civil rights activist known for using non-violent direct action to protest segregation
Promoted sit-ins and boycotts
Working within the system to allow black people to get added onto the already existing human rights that white people had

Question 9

Non-violent resistance

Answer 9

MLK’s protest style
He thought that violence would take away from the meaning of the protests
Violence from police and bystanders in response to the non-violent action gained support for the movement

Question 10

SCLC

Answer 10

Southern Christian Leadership Conference
MLK’s organization that staged the Montgomery bus boycott

Question 11

Freedom rides

Answer 11

Civil rights protests on interstate buses that were racially segregated

Question 12

“I have a dream” speech

Answer 12

MLK speech
Calls for civil and economic rights and an end to racism/segregation

Question 13

“I have been to the mountaintop” speech

Answer 13

MLK speech
Concerns with the Memphis sanitation strike
Calls for unity, economic action, boycott, and nonviolent protest
Similarities to Malcolm X’s “black people supporting black business” idea

Question 14

Civil Rights Act (1964)

Answer 14

Prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin (mostly in the workplace)

Question 15

Voting Rights Act (1964)

Answer 15

Outlaws discriminatory voting practices that most Southern states adopted (such as literacy tests) that were racially biased

Question 16

LBJ

Answer 16

President known for expanding civil rights, public broadcasting, access to healthcare, education, arts, urban and rural development, and public services
Spearheaded “the war on poverty”

Question 17

“Great society”

Answer 17

LBJ’s plan to fight poverty in America
Similar to the New Deal

Question 18

Affirmative action

Answer 18

Policies and practices within the government or an organization seeking favoring marginalized groups solely based on their status as a minority

Question 19

Black power

Answer 19

Political slogan of the Black Panthers
Emphasized black self-reliance and black self-determination
Asked for a separate but equal space for black people instead of integration

Question 20

Malcolm X

Answer 20

Civil rights activist who called for violence against police
Pushed for black people supporting black businesses
Didn’t want integration
Wanted to change the system

Question 21

“The ballot or the bullet”

Answer 21

Malcolm X’s speech encompassing his political ideology and ideas

Question 22

The Black Panthers

Answer 22

Political group that argued against capitalism
Never struck first, but followed police around with guns and waited until they struck first
Pushed connection with the black community
Emphasized black beauty and aesthetic
Focused on ending police brutality
Targeted the press
Fought things that were nation-wide issues instead of things that just concerned the South

Question 23

10 point program

Answer 23

The Black Painter’s guidelines that state their ideals and ways of operation
Included freedom, power over themselves, employment, an end to capitalism, housing, education, exemption from military service, an end to police brutality and murder, freedom from imprisonment, trial by a black jury, and “land, bread, housing, education, clothing, justice, and peace”

Question 24

Women’s liberation movement

Answer 24

Political alignment of women and feminist intellectualism that produced radical changes in the name of gender equality

Question 25

“The feminine mystique”

Answer 25

Book by Betty Friedan that sparked second-wave feminism and advocated for women in the workforce

Question 26

National organization for women (NOW)

Answer 26

Organization for women’s equality that advocated for women in the workforce
Wanted to work with the system (like MLK) instead of change it
Pushed for equal opportunities and education
Asked for the government to enforce the laws that protect women

Question 27

Title IX

Answer 27

Prohibits sex-based discrimination in schools that recieve federal funding

Question 28

Equal Rights Amendment

Answer 28

Proposed amendment that prohibits sex discrimination (wasn’t originally included in the CRA)
Was shut down

Question 29

Roe v. Wade

Answer 29

Allows the legal right to abortions

Question 30

Lavender menace

Answer 30

Informal civil rights activist group of lesbian radical feminists that formed in protest of the exclusion of lesbians and their issues in the second-wave feminist movement

Question 31

Stonewall riots

Answer 31

Police raid against a gay bar that ended in a full scale riot of thousands of people outside the bar
Used violence to threaten the police and gain the upper hand
Supporters were gay people, reporters, anti-police activists, Black Panthers, and anti-war protesters

Question 32

Harvey Milk

Answer 32

First openly gay man to be elected to public office in California
Assasinated

Question 33

American Indian Movement

Answer 33

Spoke out against unemployment, slum housing, racism, and the relocation act
Fought for full citizenship
Occupation of Alcatraz (fought within the system)
Occupation of Pine Ridge (fought the system)

Question 34

Indian Civil Rights Act (1968)

Answer 34

Granted Native Americans equal protection under the law and the extension of privileges and protections in the Constitution