U5 unit test

Question 1

what is plate tectonics?

Answer 1

a scientific theory that explains how major landforms are created as a result of Earth’s subterranean movements

Question 2

What is convection?

Answer 2

when heat is carried or transferred from hotter areas to cooler areas by the movement of fluids or gas

Question 3

What is ridge push?

Answer 3

The pushing force created as new lithosphere constantly fills the gap between two diverging plates; this force helps push each plate away from its source

Question 4

What is slab pull?

Answer 4

The tugging force created by gravity as the leading edge of the plate subducts; this force helps drag the entire plate away from its source and into the subduction zone

Question 5

What is subduction?

Answer 5

When old, cold, and dense oceanic lithosphere converges with another plate and slides under it

Question 6

What is a divergent boundary?

Answer 6

The place where two plates move away from each other

Question 7

What is a convergent boundary?

Answer 7

The place where two plates slowly smash into each other

Question 8

What is a transform boundary?

Answer 8

The place where two plates slide horizontally past one another

Question 9

What is a hotspot?

Answer 9

A localized source of high heat energy within the mantle from which hot plumes of molten material rise upwards to form volcanoes

Question 10

How did the theory of tectonic plates start?

Answer 10

Alfred wegener started the idea of tectonic plates with his theory of continental drift in 1915

Question 11

What is the pressure of the earths core?

Answer 11

3.6 Million atm

Question 12

What is the pressure of the Earths surface?

Answer 12

1 atm

Question 13

What is the radius of the Earth in miles?

Answer 13

3,963.1 miles

Question 14

What temperture is the surface of the Earth?

Answer 14

around 60ºF

Question 15

What temperature is the Earths core?

Answer 15

Around 10,000º F

Question 16

What is the density of the Earths core?

Answer 16

12.9g

Question 17

What is the density of the Earths surface?

Answer 17

2.5g

Question 18

What are Earths five mechanical layers? (from the inside out)

Answer 18

Inner core (Solid)
Outer core (Liquid)
Mesosphere (Stiff plastic)
Asthenosphere (Soft plastic)
Lithosphere (Brittle plastic)

Question 19

Why does convection happen?

Answer 19

when a fluid (like air or water) is heated, the warmer parts become less dense and rise, while the cooler, denser parts sink, creating a circular movement called a convection current

Question 20

In which of earths mechanical layers does convection happen?

Answer 20

The outer core, The mesosphere, and the Asthenosphere

Question 21

What forces move lithospheric plates?

Answer 21

Ridge push, Slab pull, and Convection

Question 22

How many major lithospheric plates are there?

Answer 22

Seven

Question 23

What landforms are associated with divergent boundaries?

Answer 23

1. a mid-ocean ridge (aka - an underwater mountain chain)
2. a rift valley with sets of parallel ridges and valleys to either side.

Question 24

What landforms are associated with convergent boundaries?

Answer 24

1. a deep ocean trench + an arc of volcanic islands
2. a deep ocean trench + an arc of continental volcanoes
3. a continental mountain range + a high plateau

Question 25

What landforms are associated with transform boundaries?

Answer 25

Visible cracks and faults in the crust