U4 AOS1 Interpretations

Question 1

Fairbank= Yuan Shikai

Answer 1

‘democracy, in short, was not on Yuan’s agenda’

Question 2

Zarrow= Yuan Shikai

Answer 2

‘Yuan Shikai essentially ruled as a military dictator’

Question 3

*Primary Source * Li Dazhao= Reasons for 1st UF

Answer 3

‘to successfully complete this revolution, we have to have a united all-encompassing revolutionary party’

Question 4

Fenby= Northern Expedition

Answer 4

‘the victories… were won by arms and bribery, not evangelism of the masses

Question 5

Gray= The White Terror / Shanghai Massacre

Answer 5

‘the story of the revolution became a tale of two Chinas: Communist and Nationalist’

Question 6

Meisner= Shanghai Massacre

Answer 6

‘a blood bath that virtually destroyed the CCP’

Question 7

Davin= Jiangxi Soviet

Answer 7

‘a social laboratory for the trying out of new ideas’

Question 8

Zarrow= Jiangxi Soviet

Answer 8

‘Mao…went so far as to virtually ignore the proletariat’

Question 9

Fitzgerald= GMD rule

Answer 9

‘the Chinese people groaned under a regime that was fascist in every quality except efficiency’

Question 10

Kirby= Nanjing Decade

Answer 10

‘the Nationalists made stunning accomplishments from a position of unenviable weakness’

Question 11

Ryan= Nanjing Decade

Answer 11

The GMD ‘did nothing to tackle China’s deep-rooted problems’

Question 12

Snow= Long March

Answer 12

‘biggest armed propaganda tour in history’

Question 13

Spence= Long March

Answer 13

‘a nightmare of pain and death’

Question 14

Dietrich= Long March

Answer 14

‘it imbued the Communists with a strong sense of purpose’

Question 14

Dietrich= Long March

Answer 14

‘it imbued the Communists with a strong sense of purpose’

Question 15

Fenby= Economic Impacts Sino-Japanese War

Answer 15

‘the wartime inflation destroyed the economy’

Question 16

Wood= Jiang’s mistakes in Sino-Japanese War

Answer 16

‘Jiang’s government was notorious for inaction’

Question 17

Moise= CCP in Sino-Japanese War

Answer 17

‘it was struggling for nationalist goals more vigorously and competently than the GMD’

Question 18

Fairbank= Mass Line

Answer 18

‘the key to power in the Chinese countryside’

Question 19

Karl= Yan’an Soviet

Answer 19

‘forged out of the morale and sensibilities of Long March veterans’

Question 20

Fairbank= Rectification Campaigns

Answer 20

‘those who held out against Mao were vilified, penalized, jailed, or even executed’

Question 21

Bianco= Civil War

Answer 21

‘conscription, a tragedy in government controlled areas, was an honour in liberated areas’

Question 22

Chang= Civil War

Answer 22

‘Jiang lost China to a man with none of his weak spots’