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Revs - Russia > U3O1 > Flashcards

U3O1 Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

Russian empire size

A

8000km east to west
3200 km north to south
1/6 of worlds total land mass

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2
Q

how many ethnic groups

A

170
great Russians = 44.3%
Ukrainians = 18%
poles = 6%
Belorussians = 4.5%

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3
Q

russia pop expanding

A

40 mill in 1815
95 mill in 1890
165 mill in 1914

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4
Q

wealth disparity

A

nobles 1% but owned 25% of land

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5
Q

middle class size 1897

A

0.5%

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6
Q

peasant %

A

approx 80%

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7
Q

what did all major western eu countries have some form of at beginning of 20th century (except Russia)

A

democratic or representative government!

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8
Q

army spending

A

45% of annual gov expenditure
(only 4% on education)

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9
Q

land that fell into dissuse after emancipation of peasants

A

1/4

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10
Q

coal production compared to GB

A

5% less than GB
25% of coal had to be imported

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11
Q

num of measures introduced to persecute jews

A

600

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12
Q

coronation stats

A

100,000 went
1,389 died

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13
Q

witte investment in industry

A

1890 = 60 mill rouble
1900 = 430 mil rouble
616% increase

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14
Q

witte improve train tracks

A

amount of track tripled
total mileage increased by 46%

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15
Q

witte increase foreign investment

A

2.5 mill in 1893 to 2.2 bill in 1913
8700% increase

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16
Q

witte increase trade schools

A

8 schools 1894 -100 schools 1904
literacy ↑ 20% 1890 - 38% 1914

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17
Q

witte GDP increase

A

↑ 96.8% 1898-1913
(GB =40%, Ger=84.2%)

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18
Q

witte industry increase

A

oil ↑ 1840% 1880-1916
grain ↑ 88% 1880-1916
coal ↑ 956% 1880-1916

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19
Q

witte problems - foreign debt

A

30% of all investment came from abroad

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20
Q

witte problems - increased tax

A

5% of crop to 15% of crop for peasants

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21
Q

witte problems - consumption

A

consumption levels dropped 25%

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22
Q

witte consequences - strikes

A

num suppressed by mili ↑
19 in 1983 - 522 in 1902

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23
Q

witte consequences - poor wages

Study These Flashcards
A

1908-1914
inflation = 40%
but wages increase 7%

24
Q

university students expanding

Study These Flashcards
A

5k in 1860 to 69k in 1914

25
slaughter of students
march 1901 3000 protested 13 killed 1500 imprisoned (50%)
26
how many ppl at formation of social Democratic Party 1898
only 9 ppl (all were arrested after meeting ended)
27
Bolshevik party stats
btw 5k and 10k 1905-1914 25k in Feb 1917 best prepared to seize power
28
discontent among workers stats
-11.5 hr working days - russian workers = lowest paid in Europe - strikes in early 1900s - groups of 15-20k first mention revolution
29
consequences russo JPN war
economy ↓ wages decrease by 25%
30
end of 1904 factory workers
6000 members assembled and aimed to support local workers and industrial reform
31
early jan 05 strikes
1000s of workers on strike (120,000 by early jan 05)
32
Bloody Sunday stats
- 150000 peaceful protesters - reported that 4600 ppl killed or wounded - actually it was 200 killed 800 wounded
33
strikes after bloody sunday
end of jan 1905 = 400,000 workers in strike in st. P alone
34
soviet called strike after Bloody Sunday
nationwide general strike → approx 1.5 mill strikes across Russia
35
peasant damage 1905
3000 manor houses destroyed destroyed 15% of Russias total
36
army putting down peasants 1905
2700 occurrences where army was used to suppress peasant revolts
37
peasant union initial members
200,000
38
military mutiny June 1905
14 June 1905 battleship Potemkin in Odessa sailors turned on officers killed 7/18 officers
39
1906 peasant revolts (after October Manifesto)
- reduced land seizures and unrest in SOME areas - Yet Tampa region = 130 noble estates destroyed
40
army reaction to oct manifesto and suppression of peasant land seizures
200 mutinies btwn oct-dec 1905 > military reforms - pay increases - term goes from 7 to 5 years for sailors - Better rations
41
authorities crush workers movements 1905
3rd dec = police storm st P soviet HQ - 260 deputies + Trotsky arrested
42
Moscow workers uprising
7th December 1000s killed suburbs ruined from street fighting
43
wave of violence oct 05 - apr 06
5k executed 4500 deported
44
significant oct manifesto
1st time Russian ppl had been promised political rep and important step to citizens not subjects
45
electoral system of oct manifest X representative
- allowed for men over 25 to vote but only landowners with over 200 hectares could directly vote - peasants indirect vote - more than 60% of urban workers excluded - soldiers and women unable
46
article 87 fundamental laws
tsar could dismiss the duma and legislate on his own under exceptional circumstances
47
first duma stats
- duma of public anger - 38% peasants with no party affiliation/37% cadets/20% trudoviks (SR breakaway from SRs) - criticise the gov on 391 occasions - Nic decided to dissolve after 73 days
48
second duma stats
- more radical - 287 bills put forward but 3 put in place - lasted 102 days
49
third duma stats
- duma of the lords and lackeys - changes to electoral system so more compliant and conservative duma - only 1 in 6 males could vote - octoberists largest party with 154 seats - 2571 bills passed
50
lena goldfields massacre and unrest that followed
- 12th April 1912 - miners on strike - 500 shot - 250 killed - 6000 strike next 2 years = 3 mill workers stage 9k strikes 1914= 2400 strikes with pol demands
51
stolypins excecutions
1906-1913 = 3376 ppl executed for 'terrorist' or rev activities
52
results of stolypin reforms
- almost 2 mil peasant families leave mir to farm independently - 15% of pop > Kulaks - 3 mil accept gov offers of land and aid and moved to Siberia - number of primary schools doubled 1906 -1913
53
stolypin reforms
agrarian reform act - land (peasant land bank and system of credit) - social (aid offered and primary school) - industrial (max working day shortened)
54
limits of stolypins reforms
only 105 of pop able to benefit conservative peasants reluctant urban migration continues stolypin dies and reforms aren't carried out effectively
55

Revs - Russia (1 decks)

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