U3 AOS 1 - DP7 Flashcards
Transactional model of stress and coping
a model that suggests a stress response is only elicited if an event is perceived to exceed our ability to cope and is based on our appraisal of the situation
Primary appraisal
when an individual determines whether a situation or event is significant to them and stressful or not
Irrelevent
describes a situation or event that has no implications for an individual’s wellbeing because nothing will be gained or lost, or they are not invested in the situation
Bengin/positive
describes a situation or event that is perceived as having a positive outcome for an individual, i.e. it either maintains (benign) or enhances their wellbeing (positive)
Threat
the anticipated harm/loss in the future because of an event
Harm/loss
the damage to the individual that has already occurred as a result of a stressor
Challenge
the perceived potential for personal gain or growth from an event
Secondary appraisal
when an individual considers the available resources and their own coping strategies, to decide the best way of dealing with a stressor
Strengths
The model acknowledges the psychological determinants or causes of the stress response.
It emphasises the personal nature and
individuality of the stress response,
accounting for why individual
responses to an event vary widely.
Limitations
It is difficult to test through experimental research because of the subjective nature of individual responses to stress.
It does not allow for individual variation in progression through its stages, as primary and secondary appraisals have been found to interact with one another and often occur simultaneously.
How to respond to a question
(Name) unconscious primary appraisal of (stressor from scenario) (was/wasn’t) stressful and is a (harm/loss, threat or challenge) because (justify using scenario)
(Name) secondary appraisal was that they (did / didn’t) have sufficient resources to cope as (justify using scenario). Therefore they experience (stress or no stress)
