U2L3

Question 1

how is a mountain or hill represented on a topographic map?

Answer 1

small, closed circle contour lines

Question 2

how is a depression represented on a topographic map?

Answer 2

short lines inside the circle contour line at the bottom of the depression pointing toward the center

Question 3

how is a valley represented on a topographic map?

Answer 3

v-shaped contour lines which point uphill or upstream.

Question 4

how is a ridge represented on a topographic map?

Answer 4

v-shaped contour lines pointing downhill

Question 5

how is a cliff represented on a topographic map?

Answer 5

contour lines stacked very close together

Question 6

list characteristics of contour lines

Answer 6

• all points along a contour line represent a single elevation
• a contour line forms a complete, closed loop; even if it runs off the map
• a contour line never forks or splits
• contour lines almost never cross
• line spacing depends on steepness; close together = steep, far apart = gentle slope

Question 7

how can maps represent Earth’s surface?

Answer 7

can show large areas of Earth’s 3D surface on a small, flat area

Question 8

topographic map

Answer 8

shows Earth’s features using contour lines to represent elevation changes.

Question 9

contour line

Answer 9

line on a topographic map that connects points of equal elevation

Question 10

relief

Answer 10

the difference between the highest and lowest elevations in a particular area.

Question 11

contour interval

Answer 11

the difference in elevation between two contour lines.

Question 12

index contour

Answer 12

every fifth line on a topographic map which is a thicker contour line with an elevation label.

Question 13

scale

Answer 13

shows the relationship between the size and distance shown on the map and the actual measurements on Earth’s surface.

Question 14

slope

Answer 14

measures the steepness from one point to another.

Question 15

what features and information can maps provide?

Answer 15

• compass
• scale
• legend

Question 16

describe two types of images used in Earth sciences

Answer 16

• aerial images are taken from airplanes
• satellite images are taken from satellites in orbit
  both types are used, sometimes with computers, to create maps

Question 17

describe two types of maps used in Earth sciences

Answer 17

topographic maps - show elevation
geologic maps - show information about the locations, types, and features of rocks

Question 18

define topography

Answer 18

the shape and size of land features on earth’s surface

Question 19

describe how symbols are used on topographic maps

Answer 19

points mark locations like buildings
lines can show things like rivers, trails, borders, and roads

Question 20

how do you calculate the contour interval on a topographic map?

Answer 20

1. take two neighboring index contours and subtract the smaller one from the larger one
2. count spaces in between
3. divide the difference by 5 (typically the number of spaces between but always double check)

Question 21

how do you calculate slope using a topographic map?

Answer 21

use the rise (change in elevation) and run (distance horizontally between points)
y2-y1 rise
——- = ——–
x2-x1 run

Question 22

what is GPS? list 2 uses.

Answer 22

network of satellites orbiting earth used to navigate & collect data
- navigation for hiking & traveling
- locating caller location for 911 response

Question 23

what is GIS? list 2 uses.

Answer 23

program used to view & make images & maps. can layer maps, images, & data to analyze relationships between factors
examples:
- analyze factors of melting glaciers
- analyze affects of fault lines on vegetation